Archive-name: snmp-faq/part2 Posting-Frequency: bimonthly (more-or-less) Last-Modified: 04 Oct 1999 Version: 2.45 comp.protocols.snmp ------------------- PART 2 of 2 FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions - FAQ Simple Network Management Protocol ---------------------------------- This 2-part document is provided as a service by and for the readers and droogs of Internet USENET news group comp.protocols.snmp and may be used for research and educational purposes only. Any commercial use of the text may be in violation of copyright laws under the terms of the Berne Convention. My lawyer can whup your lawyer. Anthology Edition Copyright 1999, Thomas R. Cikoski, All Rights Reserved ------------------------------------------------------------ Please feel free to EMail corrections, enhancements, and/or additions to the Reply-To address, above. Your input will receive full credit in this FAQ unless you request otherwise. mailto:splinter@panix.com As a result of the abuses of EMail now taking place on the Internet, we have a policy of NOT providing the EMail address of individual contributors in these postings. We will continue continue to provide EMail addresses of commercial contributors unless requested not to. ------------------------------------------------------------- A NOTE ON WEB SITES AND URLS: THEY MAY BE OBSOLETE! Neither the contributors nor the editor of this FAQ are responsible for the stability or accuracy of any URL, Web site address, or EMail address listed herein. We take reasonable care to ensure that these data are transcribed correctly and are always open to correction. If, however, a particular URL disappears from the Web there is not much we can do about it. ------------------------------------------------------------- Please also visit our cousin newsgroup: news://comp.dcom.net-management. New this month: --------------- > New section on "Agent Behavior" > New section on AgentX > Miscellaneous material submitted by readers and posters. Note on host names and addresses: please email me with any changes to host names and IP addresses. The MIT host rtfm has an autoresponder which always replies to postings with an incorrect IP. It would be nice if every host had that, but they don't, so I need your assistance. Subject: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.00.00 FAQ PART 1 of 2: NOT IN THIS DOCUMENT 1.01.00 --General 1.01.01 What is the purpose of this FAQ? 1.01.02 Where can I Obtain This FAQ? 1.01.99 This FAQ Stinks! 1.10.00 --General Questions about SNMP and SNMPv1 1.10.01 What is SNMP? 1.10.02 How do I develop and use SNMP technology? 1.10.10 How does an Agent know where to send a Trap? 1.10.15 How can I remotely manage community strings? 1.11.00 --RFC 1.11.01 What is an RFC? 1.11.02 Where can I get RFC text? 1.12.00 --SNMP Reference 1.12.01 What books are there which cover SNMP? 1.12.02 What periodicals are heavily oriented to SNMP? 1.12.03 What classes are available on the topic of SNMP? 1.12.04 What email discussion groups are available for SNMP? 1.12.05 What trade shows cater to SNMP? 1.12.06 What SNMP product User Groups are available. 1.12.07 Where can I find SNMP-related material on WWW? 1.12.08 What related mailing lists exist? 1.12.20 What related newsgroups exist? 1.13.00 --Miscellaneous 1.13.01 SNMP and Autodiscovery 1.13.02 SNMP Traps 1.13.03 SNMP and/versus The Web 1.13.04 SNMP and Java 1.13.05 SNMP and CORBA 1.13.06 SNMP and Visual Basic 1.20.00 --General Questions about SNMPv2 1.20.01 What is SNMPv2? 1.20.02 What is SNMPv2*/SNMPv1+/SNMPv1.5? 1.20.03 What is SNMPv2c? 1.20.04 What the heck other SNMPv's are there? 1.22.00 --General Questions about SNMPv3 1.22.01 What is SNMP V3? 1.30.00 --RMON 1.30.01 What is RMON? 1.30.02 RMON Standardization Status 1.30.03 RMON Working Group. 1.30.04 Joining the RMON Working Group Mailing List 1.30.05 Historical RMON Records 1.30.06 RMON Documents 1.30.07 RMON2 1.40.00 --ISODE 1.40.01 What is ISODE? 1.40.02 Where can I get ISODE? 1.40.03 Is there an ISODE/SNMP mailing list? 1.50.00 --Using SNMP to Monitor or Manage 1.50.01 How do I calculate utilization using SNMP? 1.50.02 What are Appropriate Operating Thresholds? 1.50.03 Are MIBs available to monitor application traffic? 2.00.00 FAQ PART 2 of 2: IN THIS DOCUMENT 2.01.00 --CMIP 2.01.01 What is CMIP? 2.01.02 What books should I read about CMIP? 2.01.03 A CMISE/GDMO Mailing List 2.01.04 What is OMNIPoint? 2.02.00 --Other Network Management Protocols 2.02.01 What alternatives exist to SNMP? 2.10.00 --SNMP Software and Related Products 2.10.01 Where can I get Public Domain SNMP software? 2.11.01 Where can I get Proprietary SNMP software? 2.12.01 Where can I get SNMP Shareware? 2.13.01 Miscellaneous FTP and WWW Sources 2.14.01 What CMIP software is available? 2.15.01 SNMP and Windows NT/95 2.16.01 More About CMU SNMP Software 2.17.01 Miscellaneous SNMP-related Products 2.18.01 SNMP and OS/2 2.18.02 SNMP and SCO Unix 2.18.03 SNMP and Linux 2.18.04 SNMP and AS/400 2.20.01 SNMP++ 2.21.01 What is AgentX? 2.30.00 --The SNMP MIB (Management Information Base) 2.30.01 What is a MIB? 2.30.02 What are MIB-I and MIB-II 2.30.03 How do I convert SNMP V1 to SNMP V2 MIBs? 2.30.04 How do I convert SNMP V2 to SNMP V1 MIBs? 2.30.05 What are enterprise MIBs? 2.30.06 Where can I get enterprise MIBs? 2.31.01 MIB Compiler Topics 2.32.01 How can I get ______ from the _____ MIB? 2.35.01 How can I register an Enterprise MIB? 2.35.02 Where can I find Enterprise Number Assignments? 2.37.01 How Do I Create a Table Within a Table? 2.37.05 How Do I Reset MIB Counters via SNMP? 2.37.07 How can I change a published MIB? 2.38.01 How unique must MIB variable names be? 2.38.03 Explain MODULE-COMPLIANCE versus AGENT-CAPABILITIES 2.40.00 --SMI 2.40.01 What is the SMI? 2.40.02 What is SMIv2? 2.40.03 Table Indexing and SMI 2.40.04 Floating Point Numbers in SMI? 2.45.00 --ASN.1 2.45.01 What is ASN.1? 2.45.02 Why is ASN.1 not definitive for SNMP? 2.50.00 --BER 2.50.01 How is the Integer value -1 encoded? 2.50.02 What is the Maximum Size of an SNMP Message? 2.60.00 -- Agent Behavior 2.60.01 Proper Response to empty VarBind in GetRequest? 2.60.02 Master Agent versus Proxy Agent 2.98.00 Appendix A. Glossary 2.99.00 Appendix B. Acknowledgements & Credits 2.00.00 FAQ PART 2 of 2: 2.01.00 --CMIP 2.01.01 SUBJECT: What is CMIP? ---------------- YES, we do need to mention it here! Paul Rolland writes from France: "CMIP is the Common Management Information Protocol. It is an OSI protocol that has been defined for Network Management. It comes together with the CMIS (Commom Management Information Service). This service provides : monitoring: in this case, you are using CMIP to gain information, control: you can manipulate objects that you manage, reporting: Managed objects can tell you something wrong is happening." 2.01.02 SUBJECT: What books should I read about CMIP? --------------------------------------- The collected OSI specifications are of sufficient bulk to sink a small craft in calm waters. Start easy: 2.01.02.01 The Open Book: A Practical Perspective on OSI by: Marshall T. Rose ISBN 0-13-643016-3 (c) 1990 Prentice-Hall, Inc 2.01.02.02 Open Systems Networking: OSI & TCP/IP by: David Piscitello & A. L. Chapin ISBN 0-201-56334-7 (c) 1993 Addison-Wesley 2.01.02.03 SNMP, SNMPv2 and CMIP: The Practical Guide to Network Management Standards by: William Stallings ISBN 0-201-63331-0 (c) 1993 Addison-Wesley Publishing Co, Inc 2.01.02.04 Network Management Standards : Snmp, Cmip, Tmn, Mibs, and Object Libraries McGraw-Hill Computer Communications by Uyless D. Black Hardcover - 351 pages 2nd edition (November 1994) ISBN: 007005570X 2.01.03 SUBJECT: A CMISE/GDMO Mailing List "A new WWWboard has been setup for people interested in CMISE/GDMO. Please checkout http://www.chaski.com/wwwboard/cmise." Mike Dorin 2.01.04 SUBJECT: What is OMNIPoint? --------------------------- "A common approach to the integrated management of networked information systems." In practical terms, a vehicle for helping to bridge the standards gap between SNMP and OSI/CMIP so that the end user customer can reap the benefits of both. A product of the: Network Management Forum 40 Morristown Road Bernardsville, NJ 07924 Ph: 908-766-1544 Fx: 908-766-5741 A catalog of products is available." -*-* "The Network Management Forum (NMF) is now called the TeleManagement Forum (TMF) and is located at http://www.nmf.org/" Wayne Cannon 2.02.00 --Other Network Management Protocols 2.02.01 SUBJECT: What alternatives exist to SNMP? 2.02.01.01 1) CMIP/GDMO (Common Management Information Protocol/Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects) is an ITU network management protocol. Requires more resources on client and server to operate than SNMP but provides a richer and a better object oriented basis than SNMP; still backed by many telecommunications vendors and carriers but some question its future now that CORBA has become so popular (see below). Try http://www.itu.int/ 2) TL1 (Transaction Language 1) is a Network Element (NE) management language defined by Telcordia (formerly Bellcore) that is used primarily in North America in telecommunications equipment. Unlike all the other protocols I mention here, it is ASCII based and designed to allow text entry of commands via a "craft" port (EIA232 or X.25 connector) by a machine or "craftsperson" and responses or autonomous messages to be easily parsed by machines and read by craftspersons. Try http://www.tl1.com/ or http://www.telcordia.com/ 3) (There is a German NE management protocol that I always forget the name of; don't know anything about it though.) [I think you mean QD2, right? It is somehow a light version of Q3. For more information on QD2, please contact mailto:tssinfo@de.bosch.com Frank Fock 2.02.01.02 4) CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) is an object oriented remote-procedure-call (RPC) protocol. While not designed specifically for network management, it is now considered a more widely available and less expensive alternative to CMIP/GDMO for NEs whose management requirements can not be easily met by SNMP or TL1. Try http://www.omg.org/ 5) HTML or XML. Starting to show up in IP equipment, such as network ready printers. (Try pointing a web browser at a recent HP laser printer if you have one on your network and see if it doesn't have a web server running on it, along with an SNMP agent too!) And then there are proprietary protocols, of which I have a small knowledge of one or two: 6) TBOS (Can't remember what it stands for! A web search should help; very simple alarm and control protocol.) 7) Badger and Larse low baud rate serial protocols for control and monitoring of, for example, microwave sites. Try http://www.badger.com (I consulted to Badger Technology for a while.) James Logajan 2.02.01.03 I wouldn't suggest CORBA is a management protocol (it isn't) or that it could be used as one. CORBA is only a spec, not a product, and the products from the specs vary so much they are often not interoperable. CORBA is expensive to implement and difficult to manage. [...] However, Visual Edge makes a product called ObjectBridge that is a COM/CORBA bridge that also has an SNMP agent built in, and generates MIB files for the CORBA objects. If you have to use CORBA to monitor applications, as is often the case in UNIX when people try to use Java for enterprise apps, this product would work well for adding monitoring capabilities. DMTF and CIM, and their associated technologies, like WBEM, are your best bet for alternatives to SNMP. I know of nothing else that is industry-wide. Jeff Jones 2.02.01.04 Microsoft has a new "standard" called WMI that tries to tie together WBEM, CMI, & SNMP http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/Techdetails/TechSpecs/WMIandCIM.asp Eric Fitzgerald 2.10.00 --SNMP Software and Related Products 2.10.01 SUBJECT: Where can I get Public Domain SNMP software? ------------------------------------------------------ 2.10.01.01 Carnegie-Mellon University 4910 Forbes Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890 ftp from ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp both SNMP and SNMPv2 are available. There is no FAQ, and CMU does not guarantee to answer questions about their software. There are man pages in the tar file, and the code is well documented and easy to follow. [Also see SUBJECT 2.16.01 More About CMU SNMP Software] 2.10.01.02 MIT Cambridge, Massachusetts ftp://thyme.lcs.mit.edu "look in /pub/snmp" 2.10.01.03 Christophe Meessen writes: >I've put a small package on a ftp server that relates to SNMP. >It is a minimal set of BER assembling/disassembling primitives >needed to implement SNMPv1 or SNMPv2. >BER compilation primitives compile in reverse. That is they compile >from the last byte toward the first byte. This result in the >simplest BER compilation code. >The exact path is ftp.in2p3.fr (134.158.69.153) /pub/snmp/ber 2.10.01.04 NAS HNMS (NAS Hierarchical Network Management System) [What follows is a much-edited post from Jude A. George] "HNMS is the NAS Hierarchical Management System -- an SNMP- and X Windows- based software package for monitoring large, heterogeneous IP networks. [.. deletions here by Editor.. ] VERSION 2.0c3 NOTICE There is a version of the software that we sent to COSMIC, which is NASA's technology transfer organization at the University of Georgia. As of yet, COSMIC is still putting together their distribution. Anyone can get a copy of HNMS v2.0c3 directly from COSMIC, and expand/revise/modify/redistribute it. However, if you do redistribute it, the following provisions are in effect: You MAY NOT: make minor changes and re-release the entire package with your own copyright. You MAY: make make minor changes and copyright only the changes. You MAY: make major ( > 50% ) changes, and copyright the whole work. [.. deletions here by Editor.. ] [How to get to COSMIC: http://www.cosmic.uga.edu/pub/hnms.info.shtml] For sample screen snapshots, try the following in your favorite WWW viewer: ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/he/heyjude/SCREEN1.gif ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/he/heyjude/SCREEN2.gif There is an HNMS mailing list, maintained by Jason Thorpe at Oregon State University. To subscribe to the list, send mail to majordomo@maillist.cs.orst.edu, [ message body ] subscribe hnms-users [your e-mail address, optional] For help, send the message body 'help'. Questions about the list may be sent to owner-hnms-users@maillist.cs.orst.edu." [Editor's note: We received this via EMAIL ... "HNMS seems not to be free software. Andreas Rittershofer D-72555 Metzingen Germany" ... so, let the buyer beware...] 2.10.01.05 The UT-SNMP projectgroup "description: Currently, we are building version 4 of the UT-SNMP package. In this new version we initialize the PartyMIB by a configuration file(s). The layout of this initialization file is defined and described in the "SNMPv2 Administrative Configuration Proposal" by Dave Perkins and John Seligson (Synoptics). Some projectmembers have made software to create those configuration file(s) in a very convenient manner. The software asks some simple questions and depending on the input generates the initialization file(s). package: UT-PERKINS-1_0.tar.Z programmers: Martijn Visser & Erwin Bonsma. postal: The UT-SNMP projectgroup Tele-Informatics and Open Systems Group Department of Computer Science P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands voice: +31 53 894099 email: snmp@cs.utwente.nl www: http://snmp.cs.uwtente.nl/General/snmp-faq.html ftp: ftp://ftp.cs.utwente.nl:/pub/src/snmp" 2.10.01.06 "The tkined & scotty network management system The Technical University of Braunschweig has developed an extensible network management platform which uses the Tool Command Language (Tcl) as its primary extensions language. The tkined network editor is the graphical user interface which integrates applications that are usually written as Tcl scripts based on the scotty Tcl extension. scotty provides access to SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 and a number of well known Internet services like DNS, various ICMP packets, NTP, TCP, UDP, SUN RPCs (mount, rstat, portmap) etc. Applications distributed with the scotty and tkined sources include network discovery, trouble-shooting applications, event filter, SNMP MIB browser etc. An experimental MIB browser is also available via WWW using the URL: http://www.cs.tu-bs.de/ibr/cgi-bin/sbrowser.cgi The SNMP Tcl extension uses a SNMPv1/v2 protocol stack written from scratch which was designed to directly support our Tcl API. This provides a portable and fast implementation. A brief history on SNMP Tcl extension is available using the URL: http://www.cs.tu-bs.de/ibr/projects/nm/scotty/tcl+snmp.html Information about the current status of the project, the mailing list and the availability of our software can be found at: http://www.cs.tu-bs.de/ibr/projects/nm/tkined/ http://www.cs.tu-bs.de/ibr/projects/nm/scotty/ [Editor's note: Holger Trapp has informed me that all of the above URL's for tkined & scotty should be replaced by http://wwwsnmp.cs.utwente.nl/~schoenw/scotty/ Another Scotty URL: http://starbase.neosoft.com/~claird/comp.protocols.snmp/snmp.html has links both to Scotty, generally my favorite tool for this work, and snmpy, which is written in Python. There also are solutions in Perl and other scripting languages. [Cameron Laird] 2.10.01.07 SNMPt and the WILMA package "SNMPt-1.4 (Toolkit kernel) - *FULL* documentation in *ENGLISH* (about 130 pages) - compiles on HP, SUN4.1.3, LINUX, AIX - includes the counters of the snmp group of the MIB-II - source for 'barefoot' manager commands: + snmpget + snmpset + snmpnext + snmpwalk + snmptrap - error handling improved - goodies: TCP and TELNET support for client/server management MibCompiler-1.2 (ASN.1 compiler kernel) - precompiled versions available for + HP/UX 9.0 (MC680x0, HP-PA) + Linux SimAgent-1.1 (Agent simulator for test purposes) - uses MibCompiler-1.2 mibc-1.2 (MIB compiler) - some bugs have been removed - compatible with SNMPt-1.4 snmpm-3.2 (MIB browser) - new layout of the windows - menu always visible - 'find' function - can send SET REQUESTS - merges and displays MIBs found on agents and on the compiler - now ANSI-C source - many bugs have been removed mibII-1.1 (MIB-II agent) - uses SNMPt-1.4 - now, two groups of the standard are supported (some others still missing - sorry) Xldv-1.2 (widgets) - fully ANSI-C - use mmak-5.2 SMI-1.0 (ASN.1 definitions for MIBs) - header files for mibc - some ASN.1 sources of MIBs mmak-5.2 (multiplatform project manager and makefile generator) - some bugs have been removed - recursively scans for #include "xxx.h" - supports new platform names + hp.pa + hp.68k + sun + linux + aix - supports an improved version and release management system - knows .asn1 files and mibc The new releases are available on our ftp server using the standard anonymous ftp access (XMosaic access is supported partially by HTML files!). ftp://ftp.ldv.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de:/dist/WILMA For installation read the INSTALLATION_INSTRUCTIONS.html document. You may also be interested in what is COMING_SOON.html. For questions and comments, send E-Mail to wilma@ldv.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de" 2.10.01.08 (from Mark Wallace) "The comp.protocols.tcp-ip.ibmpc faq had this info on a DOS SNMP monitor package: Downright Speculation SNMP monitor Free Available at file://sun.soe.clarkson.edu/pub/packet-drivers/snmpsrc.zip. Also available at file://enh.nist.gov/misc/snmpsrc.zip, snmpsup.zip,snmpsun.tar_Z." 2.10.01.09 from UC Davis & Wes Hardaker (see FTP list in Part 1 ) What is it? ---------- - Various tools relating to the Simple Network Management Protocol including: * An extensible agent * An SNMP library * tools to request or set information from SNMP agents * tools to generate and handle SNMP traps * a version of the unix 'netstat' command using SNMP * a graphical Perl/Tk/SNMP based mib browser This package is originally based on the Carnegie Mellon University SNMP implementation (version 2.1.2.1), but has developed significantly since then. Is it free? ---------- Yes. See the enclosed COPYING file for copyright details. With this version only (version 3.4), I'm asking people to send me a postcard of your home city, area, or country. I intend to arrange them into a logo, take a picture of them all, and use the picture on the ucd-snmp web page. If you wish to send a postcard, please send it to: Wes Hardaker IT - DCAS UCDavis Davis CA, 95616 Where can I get it? ------------------ NEW SERVER (5/99) I'm also happy to say that all of the ucd-snmp web and mailing list services have their own hostname now, that is much easier to remember: ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu. So, instead, please use: http://ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu/ ftp://ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu/ ucd-snmp-coders@ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu ucd-snmp@ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu - ftp://ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu/ucd-snmp.tar.gz - ftp://sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/ucd-snmp/ucd-snmp.tar.gz - ftp://ftp.win.or.jp/pub/network/snmp/ucd-snmp/ucd-snmp.tar.gz Are there binaries available? ---------------------------- - There are binaries for some systems available in the binaries directory on the ftp site. What operating systems does it run on? ------------------------------------- * HP-UX 9.07, 9.05, 9.03, 9.01 on HPPA 1.1 systems * HP-UX 10.20, 10.10, 10.01 on HPPA 1.1 systems * Ultrix 4.5, 4.4, 4.3, 4.2 on DEC MIPS systems * Solaris 2.6, 2.5.1, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3 on Sun SPARC systems * Solaris 2.5 on x86 systems * SunOS 4.1.4, 4.1.3, 4.1.3, 4.1.2 on Sun SPARC systems * OSF 4.0, 3.2 on DEC Alpha systems * NetBSD 1.3alpha, 1.2.1, 1.2, 1.1, 1.0 on all? systems * FreeBSD 3.0, 2.2.2, 2.2 on all? systems * BSDi 2.1 on all? systems * Linux 2.1, 2.0, 1.3 on all? systems * AIX 4.1.5, 3.2.5 on all? systems * OpenBSD ? on all? systems * Irix 5.1, 6.2 The applications (though not necessarily the agent) run on the following systems: * Windows95 * Windows NT It's quite possible it will run on some systems not listed above. Which versions of SNMP are supported in this package? ---------------------------------------------------- SNMPv1, SNMPv2p, and SNMPv2c General info ------------ Subcription/unsubscription/info requests should always be sent to the -request address of a mailinglist. In this case, send these requests to ucd-snmp-request@ece.ucdavis.edu. To subscribe to a mailinglist, simply send a message with the word "subscribe" in the Subject: field to the -request address of that list. To unsubscribe from a mailinglist, simply send a message with the word "unsubscribe" in the Subject: field to the -request address of that list. Do not send multiple (un)subscription or info requests in one mail. Only one will be processed per mail. NOTE: The -request server usually does quite a good job in discriminating between (un)subscribe requests and messages intended for the maintainer. If you'd like to make sure a human reads your message, make it look like a reply (i.e. the first word in the Subject: field should be "Re:", without the quotes of course); the -request server does not react to replies. The archive server ------------------ The last 40 submissions to this list are archived for your convience. You can look at the header of every mail coming from this list to see under what name it has been archived. The X-Mailing-List: field contains the mailaddress of the list and the file in which this submission was archived. If you want to access this archive, you have to send mails to the -request address with the word "archive" as the first word of your Subject:. To get you started try sending a mail to the -request address with the following: Subject: archive help 2.10.01.10 from pwilson: "New portable SNMP agent distribution is available under GPL. We call it snmp95. It is available for anonymous ftp from ftp://ftp.std.com/vendors/snmp/snmp95/snmp95.tar.Z As well as number of other products named xxxx95 it is rather a transtional product representing current intermediate state of SNMPv1 -> SNMPv2 transition. First, let me describe what is there. 1. It is bi-lingual SNMPv1/SNMPv2 implementation based on the recent drafts, which will change along with draft changes. 2. It includes two agents: base agent which will compile and run on all kinds of UNIXes, but without MIB-II and agent which will compile and run on SVR4/386 UNIX. Latter one has driver/kernel based (Karl are you reading ?) implementation of MIB-II for streams based TCP/IP. 3. Long time ago the thing was started from CMU-SNMP code, so it still shares common philosophy and some familiar names. At the same time basic SNMP library has error detection/reporting added to fully support new errors required by SNMPv2. Agent to MIB interface is also improved - MIBs can be hooked on the agent as binary modules. 4. The general design philosophy is to have a predictable minimal load on the underlying managed system from SNMP agent (e.g. agent does not use malloc's) while providing commercial level of capabilities: binary extensibility, fully implemented SETs and error-code support. 5. Admin/security portion of the code is separated from the rest of the code. So, if any new admin models will surface no changes in MIB or agent code will be required, unless some creative statistics will be stacked in. 6. Code is extremely portable. Practically 99% of system dependent code is contained within driver itself. I do not think that it will take more than a couple of days to port it to something else. 7. Simple community based admin model codes are provided. An absolutely trivial one with base agent and a little bit more sophisticated with svr4x86 one. 8. Code is lightly tested in the respect that it will perform gets and get-nexts on all variables in MIB-II, supported by underlying system. It will also perform SETs on all read-write variables in MIB-II and in ipForwardTable, except tcpConnState. What was not tested yet is that phase1 one of SET will reject absolutely all thinkable wrong routes without allowing for commit phase to take place: there is practically unlimited number of wrong routes. So, we tested against some most evident wrong ones but this is not finished yet." ralex@world.std.com pwilson@world.std.com 2.10.01.11 ISODE -- see section 39 in Part 1 of this FAQ 2.10.01.12 Moved to 2.20.01. 2.10.01.13 SNMP Management Proxy Server "The SNMP Management Proxy Server is a platform independent web-browser based client/server system for SNMP based report generation. The source code is available on request and without fee. The SNMP Management Proxy Server is a platform independent web-browser based client/server system for SNMP based report generation. The new version 2.6 is now available. An online demo is running at http://aleppo.ira.uka.de/nwm You can get the source code from http://i31www.ira.uka.de/~sd/manager (For the installation you will also need scotty-tcl) Sven Doerr http://i31www.ira.uka.de/~sd" 2.10.01.14 Hal M. Staniloff wrote: > Can anyone recommend a good public domain SNMP management software package? > It should be able to import MIBs etc. I don't care if it runs under LINUX > or NT, I just need something that can handle traps and give a picture of the > state of my network. There are several tools you can use. First of all is the ever popular scotty (TCL/Tk) package for Unix. The URL for Scotty is: http://wwwhome.cs.utwente.nl/~schoenw/scotty/ The UC Davis SNMP package for UNIX is at: ftp://ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu:/pub/snmp/ For more info and software links go to the Simple Web page at: http://wwwsnmp.cs.utwente.nl/ -- Barry D. Chalcroft 2.10.01.15 "sts is an SNMP trap switchboard, which can be configured to display, log via syslog(8) or redistribute received traps to other hosts. The idea is to configure all network equipment that is capable of generating SNMP traps to send all traps to sts on a single host, under the assumption that it is easier to adjust trap handling in a single tool than to reconfigure a number of network devices whenever the requirements of local network management change." Point your favourite browser to ftp://ftp.uit.no/pub/unix/tools/sts.tar.Z Borge Brunes 2.10.01.16 "ModularSNMP - public domain, JAVA, SNMPv3 from the University of Quebec at Montreal" http://atm.teleinfo.uqam.ca/snmp/ Mark Aubrey However ... I found a reference to the ModularSNMP Toolkit developed at the University of Quebec Montreal in the SNMP Faq. Having visited the site (http://www.teleinfo.uqam.ca) I found that I could not download the Toolkit even when I gave my details on the registration page. Chris Avis 2.10.01.17 SNMP Sniffer >Does anyone know of a tool that will take a file containing SNMP >packets (e.g. output from tcpdump) and display the contents readably? SnmpSniff, a promiscuous SNMP PDU sniffer. I'm not sure where the source got to, but http://rak.isternet.sk/win/linux-netman/snmp.html has some information. Jim Trocki 2.11.01 SUBJECT: Where can I get Proprietary SNMP software? ------------------------------------------------------ 2.11.01.01 SNMP Research International, Inc. 3001 Kimberlin Heights Road Knoxville, TN 37920-9716 Ph: 423-579-3311 Fx: 423-579-6565 mailto:info@int.snmp.com http://www.int.snmp.com SNMP agents, extensible agents, managers, tools, etc. Available on a wide selection of platforms In Europe: SNMP Research International, Inc David Partain, Managing Director Teknikringen 1 S-583 30 Linkoping Sweden Fax/Phone +46 13 21 18 81 mailto:partain@europe.snmp.com http://www.int.snmp.com 2.11.01.02 Epilogue Technology Corp. 11116 Desert Classic Lane Albuquerque, NM 87111 "Envoy(tm), Emissary, Attache, Attache Plus, Ambassador: Portable SNMPv1 & SNMPv2 agent/manager, MIB Compiler, UDP/IP & TCP/IP protocol stacks, RMON agent" Ph: +1-805-650-7107 or (505) 271-9933 Fax: +1-805-650-7108 or (505) 271-9798 Email: David Preston, mailto:djp@epilogue.com http://www.epilogue.com Australasian/Pacific Rim Distributor Internode Systems Pty Ltd 414 Goodwood Road, PO Box 69, Daw Park SA 5041 Australia Email: Simon Hackett, mailto:simon@internode.com.au [Technical] Sales Folk, mailto:sales@internode.com.au [Sales] Ph: +61-8-373-1020 Fax: +61-8-373-4911 2.11.01.03 Paul Freeman Associates, Inc. 14 Pleasant St., P. O. Box 2067 Westford, MA 01886-5067 Voice: 800-PFA-WESA (800-732-9372) or 508-692-4436 mailto:pwilson@world.std.com WWW : http://world.std.com/~pfa "Complete Host-Resources MIB (rfc1514) Extension Agent for Windows NT and Win95, in DLL form, priced $5.00 per seat. "Win 3.1 Extensible SNMP Agent -- WESA(tm): open, extensible V1+V2C Agent for Win3.1; and accompanying complete Host- Resources MIB. Each priced $5.00 per seat. "Open SNMP Agent(tm) for real-time OSs: open, extensible, portable V1+V2C agent in source form for embedded systems under any RTOS. Variously priced, always less than $8000. "Open SNMP Agent(tm) for Unix: open, extensible, portable v1+V2C agent in source or binary (snmpd) form for any Unix or variant. Binary MIB-II for SVR4-like OSs." 2.11.01.04 Empire Technologies, Inc. 500 Northside Circle, NW Suite D7 Atlanta, GA 30309-2100 Ph: 404-350-0107 Fx: 404-351-3638 Cheryl Krupczak, mailto:cheryl@empiretech.com MIB Manager(tm) X/Windows NMS tool, Agents for UNIX Systems Management and Host Resources MIB, and base SNMP agent source code. 2.11.01.05 Precision Guesswork, Inc Contact Sales at phone: (508) 887-6570, fax: (508) 887-6552 mailto:info@precision.guesswork.com Web server at http://www.guesswork.com. SNMPTools is a basic, inexpensive Network Management Station software package for PCs. The current version runs over FTP Software's 16 bit DOS IP stack, a Win95 version is currently in Alpha Testing. 2.11.01.06 DMH Software (please contact Yigal Hochberg) Voice: 978-649-5605 Fax: 978-649-2578 mailto:hochberg@concentric.net http://www.concentric.net/~hochberg/dmh.html 1. Advanced portable SNMP-Agent designed for any "hosting-system" (embedded and others). Includes MIB compiler. Highly portable UDP/IP stack for SNMP and other applications. 2. Simple snmp agent. CMU based SNMP Agent portable engine changed and redesigned to be integrated with any "hosting-system" (embedded and others). Based on the popular core of the known CMU SNMP Agent, includes many improvements. Inexpensive solution. 3. Portable internetworking component: TCP, TELNET, HTTP/Web-server, TFTP, BOOTP, Bridge, RMON, RIP and more. 4. NT/W95 and DOS based SNMP Manager for SNMP developers. In addition to SNMP also includes ping, udp-echo and cookie client. Available as an executables or developer tool-kit. 2.11.01.07 Castle Rock Computing 20863 Stevens Creek Blvd Cupertino, CA 95014 408-366-6540 SNMPc is a full-featured SNMP Manager for Windows http://www.castlerock.com 2.11.01.08 The SNMP WorkShop 12 Mill Plain Rd #7 Danbury, CT 06811-5135 http://www.pantherdig.com/~snmpshop The SNMP WorkShop provides only custom and OEM SNMP software solutions. We no longer provide software "off the shelf". 2.11.01.09 Network Management Technologies SNMP Agent for Contact Closure Inputs and Outputs, Temperature and Humidity and ATI and Nortel Microwave radio systems. Contact: Mark Hammett http://www.nmt.com.au Tel: +61 2 9439 1186 Fax: +61 2 9437 9363 2.11.01.10 NetOps Corporation Distributed Status Monitor (DSM) High Performance SNMP Data Gathering for Monitoring and Diagnosis Web-Based network fault predition, analyis and reporting http://www.netops.com mailto:louiss@netops.com Tel: 914-747-7600 2.11.01.11 RedPoint Software Corporation http://www.redpt.com We make an ODBC-SNMP driver for Windows 95/NT. We also have an interactive demo on our web site that can be used to query any snmp enabled device on the internet. Clay Finley clay@redpt.com 2.11.01.12 MultiPort Corp. 622 Charlestown Meadows Dr. Westboro, MA 01581 WWW: http://www.multiport.com EZMP, PortMon, Ip Stack, BRID, Consulting services. Highly portable components including: SNMPv1/v2 agent, MIB Compiler, IP stack, RMON agent, spanning tree bridge. Ph: +1-508-366-5867 Fax: +1-508-366-4978 Email: Reuben Sivan, mailto:rsivan@multiport.com 2.11.01.13 MibMaster Web: http://www.equival.com.au/index.html Email: equival@ozemail.com.au Fax: +61 43 68 1395 Voice: +61 43 68 2118 MibMaster is an HTML to SNMP gateway which allows any Web browser to be used to view SNMP MIBs. It supports: - full SNMP v1 - traps - setting of MIB variables - Host discovery - MIB discovery - UDP and IPX protocols It comes with full MIBs for RFC 1213. Lots more MIBS available from the Equivalence Web site. An SNMP to HTML covert is provided. A working version limited to seven variables per page is available for free download. Registration costs $US50 and allows unlimited variables per page. For Windows 95, Windows NT, Solaris 2.5 and Linux x86. 2.11.01.14 MG-SOFT Corporation, Strossmayerjeva 32A, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia E-mail , Internet http://www.mg-soft.si/ Products supporting SNMP software development for win32 platforms: * MG-SOFT SNMPv3 implementation for Microsoft Windows (WinSNMP V3) http://www.mg-soft.si/snmpv3.html * MG-SOFT WinSNMP Toolkit (SDK) http://www.mg-soft.si/mgWinSNMP.html * MG-SOFT WinMIB Toolkit (SDK) http://www.mg-soft.si/mgWinMIB.html * SNMP Master Agent http://www.mg-soft.si/agent.html * SNMP EasyAgent Toolkit (SDK) http://www.mg-soft.si/easyagent.html * MONET SNMP Analyzer http://www.mg-soft.si/monetsn.html SNMP management products and utilities for win32 platforms: * MIB Browser Professional Edition with MIB Compiler http://www.mg-soft.si/mgMibBrowserPE.html * Net Inspector, general network management system http://www.mg-soft.si/netinsp.html * MG-SOFT MIB Compiler http://www.mg-soft.si/mgmibc.html * MG-SOFT Visual MIB Builder http://www.mg-soft.si/builder.html All metioned software products can be downloaded from: http://www.mg-soft.si/download.html 2.11.01.15 ClearSystems "ClearStats/Lite is a sophisticated yet inexpensive network management tool. ClearStats/Lite Version 2.0 is available Win NT, HP-UX and Solaris." http://www.clearstats.com GulfBay Network Systems, Inc. 4925 O'Connor Rd. N. Suite 125 Irving, TX 75062 Phone (972) 717-0472 Fax (972) 717-3094 2.11.01.16 BMC Software, Inc. 2101 CityWest Blvd Houston, TX 77042 Ph: 800-841-2031 Fx: 713-918-8001 mailto:Rod_Reynolds@bmc.com PATROL SNMP Toolkit (tm) (formerly PEER OPTIMA). "Interoperable, extensible SNMP agents and high level development tools." 2.11.01.17 COMTEK Services, Inc. 3545 Chain Bridge Road Suite 103 Fairfax, VA 22030 Phone: 703-278-0110 FAX: 703-278-0108 Sales: Dick Easton mailto: easton@comtek.mv.com http://www.comtekservices.com "COMTEK Services specializes in extensible agents including products in the following areas: -system management subagents for OpenVMS, OS/400, and Stratus VOS systems -graphical MIB editor with optional subagent code generation -subagent development toolkit -special purpose subagent development The NM*Server is an extensible agent. COMTEK Services' MIB Editor is a tool which facilitates the generation of new MIBs or the modification of existing MIBs. The NM*Toolkit subagent development toolkit provides a subagent kernel which includes features for the reliable reception of traps and generation and maintenance of a subagent configuration file." 2.11.01.18 SNMPinfo http://www.snmpinfo.com/ mailto:info@snmpinfo.com 3763 Benton Street Santa Clara, CA 95051 "SNMPinfo licenses the most up to date version of SMICng. SMICng is a MIB compiler that can be used by individuals for MIB design and for use with MIB utilities. Also, SMICng can be used in creating MIB browsers. SMICng has more extensive and better MIB checking than any other MIB compiler. It also does a much better job of converting MIBs in SMIv2 format to SMIv1 format than any other MIB compiler." 2.11.01.19 tp@digicable.be.nospam wrote: > Hello, > I have to test a mib implemented on a new product. > This mib is very simple and read-only. > I should test stability, faithfullness with the standards, robustness, > How can I do that ? There is some special tools to achieve that ? There are some products available on the market to do this. One company I know in this space who has excellent products is Simplesoft Inc, http://www.smplsft.com or 650-965-4515. 2.11.01.20 SNMP Tool Kit for Windows NT LogiSoft AR Ltd. is shipping SNMPv2 toolkit for Windows NT/95 v2.1 The toolkit includes SNMPv2/v1 C++ class library for MS VC++ and Borland C++ Builder. Please visit www.logisoftar.com for details. 2.11.01.21 The SystemView agent that used to be referenced in the SNMP FAQ is again available. It's now at: http://www.support.tivoli.com/sva/index.html for Windows, OS/2, and AIX. This includes an SNMP agent, an executable version of the DMI service layer, and a toolkit. 2.11.01.22 TABORET SNMP MANAGEMENT APPLICATION BUILDER: http://www.taboret.com Taboret is a graphical, rapid application development environment for creating cross-platform SNMP management applications. Taboret builds applications for the web and most major operating systems and network management platforms, including OpenView and NetView. Taboret Quick is a programmerless environment that allows anyone to quickly build graphical views into any SNMP agent. Taboret Quick is available on Win95/98, NT, and Solaris. Jeff Curie 2.11.01.23 Have a look at http://www.statscout.com. Statscout is a network monitoring system with a web browser front end. Statscout can monitor up to 10,000 network ports from a single server. It has a builtin statistical LAN analyzer, error reporting, SLA reporting, top utilization reports, outages and warnings, SNMP traps, LAN alarms, etc.... Paul Koch Email: pak@statscout.com Statscout Ptd Ltd Web: http://www.statscout.com Level 6. 360 Queen St Phone: +61 7 32294750 Brisbane, Queensland, 4000 Fax: +61 7 32294506 Australia 2.11.01.24 Gambit Communications sells MIMIC SNMP Agent Simulator which will help you prototype an agent and achieve parallel development and testing. MIMIC SNMP Agent Simulator Gambit Communications, Inc. 76 Northeastern Blvd. Suite 30 Nashua, NH 03062 http://www.gambitcomm.com mailto: sales@gambitcomm.com 2.11.01.25 Announcing ACE-SNMP, ACE-ExAgent, and ACE-SNMX systems, available for Windows-NT and Unix systems. Fully functional evaluation copies of these new products are available from: http://www.ddri.com/acesnmp/ ACE ENTERPRISE AUTOMATION - *NEW* ACE-SNMP Network Management Diversified Data Resources, Inc -- http://www.ddri.com Telephone: 1-800-233-3374 FAX: 1-415-898-7331 2.11.01.26 If you are looking to monitor servers up/down status, performance thresholds, processes, etc. without having to use or code SNMP, take a look at a product called ENGUARD at www.grapevinesystems.com. Richard Fisher 2.11.01.27 The FastBench SNMP Manager Toolkit from NETMANSYS (http://www.netmansys.com) provides a C++ API to develop SNMP manager applications. It is delivered with a Class Generator utility to map MIB entries into C++ objects and a comprehensive set of code examples. Imed Ayadi 2.11.01.28 We have just released what we call the PowerTCP SNMP Tool, which is two ActiveX controls, one for manager development, one for agent development, and we have a MIB object that reads in MIB's and makes referencing OIDs and values simple. SNMP V1 and V2 are supported. Details from our web page: The SNMP version 1 and 2 Agent and Manager controls use a suite of supporting objects that include a Mib Object (for loading Mib files), an SNMP Message Object (for encoding/decoding packets), a Trap Object (for presenting Traps), and a Variable Object (for building messages). Download the SNMP Tool for a free 30-day trial! http://www.dart.com/trials/ Gene Ninestein 2.12.01 SUBJECT: Where can I get SNMP Shareware? 2.12.01.01 MG-SOFT Joerg Christ wrote: >i'm searching manager programms and tools like snmpget, snmgetnext ... > for Windows NT 4.0 or 3.51. 1. You may wish to check MG-WinSNMP SDK, a 32-bit winsnmp implementation by MG-SOFT. It is available under the shareware license. You can download it from http://www.mg-soft.si/ Matjaz Vrecko 2.12.01.02 Taboret Quick/Free Edition is a freeware version of Quick that can be upgraded when you need the additional capabilities in the licensed version of Taboret Quick. Download the software from http://www.taboret.com/quick. 2.12.01.03 If you are using Visual C++ on NT, you can download an SNMP packet encode decode library from Network Computing Technologies, Inc Visit http://www.ncomtech.com and follow the link to download. 2.12.01.04 MON version 0.38pre7 -------------------- WHAT IT IS ---------- "mon" is an extensible fault detection package which can be used to monitor network and system resources. It is most useful for system and network administrators who are responsible for maintaining the operation of networks of hundreds or possibly thousands of nodes. http://www.kernel.org/software/mon/ http://consult.ml.org/~trockij/mon/ Downloads are available from the above pages. Please use a kernel.org mirror for downloading the software. Refer to http://www.kernel.org/mirrors.html for a list of mirrors. Jim Trocki 2.13.01 SUBJECT: Miscellaneous FTP and WWW Sources ------------------------------------------ [NOTE: ALSO SEE BRUCE'S HUGE FTP LIST IN PART 1.] 2.13.01.01 Bruce Barnett writes: >Here is my list of authoritative sites for SNMP source code.... >In particular, the MIB II version of CMU's code is available on ftp://ftp.near.net/pub/cmu-snmp1.2u.tar.Z >and ftp://munnari.OZ.AU/pub/cmu-mu-snmp1.5.tar.Z --------------------------------------------------------- SNMP Archives summary. Maintained by Bruce Barnett The following are FTP sites for various packages... FTP.NET.CMU.EDU/pub/snmp-dist/* snmp2.1.2.tar CMU SNMP v2 source (Library, agent, mid-level agent, Tcl/Tk interface, net management routines) ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu:mrose/isode-snmpV2/isode-snmpV2.tar.Z 4BSD/ISODE 8.0 SNMPv2 package ftp://dnpap.et.tudelft.nl/pub/btng Contains: RMON agent for OS/2, SunOS 4.1.X, & Ultrix 4.1 Tricklet (Perl-based SNMP tool for Unix or OS/2) ftp://nic.nikhef.nl/~ftp/pub/monet/monet-0.10.tar.Z Xmonet network monitoring tools ftp://ftp.synoptics.com/eng/mibcompiler/src.tar.Z SMIC - MIB Compiler ftp://ftp.synoptics.com/eng/mibcompiler/mibs.tar.Z - Public MIBS JP McNeely writes: "Both of these files are now available under: ftp://ftp.synoptics.com/tmp/eng/mibcompiler Note that the Synoptics MIB is available under: ftp://ftp.synoptics.com/synoptics.mib ftp://munnari.OZ.AU/pub/cmu-mu-snmp1.5.tar.Z MIB-II enhancements to CMU's SNMPv1 AP ftp://ftp.cs.ubc.ca/pub/local/src/snacc SNACC - MIB compiler with MIB-II Macros and C, C++ BER routines. ftp://venera.isi.edu/ftp/mib various Public MIBS [EDITOR'S NOTE: Micha Kushner writes: That name is didn't work for me. Try http://www.isi.edu Towards the bottom of the home page they have access to the ftp archives. Try the /mib directory (not /ftp/mib). The address ftp.isi.edu is also OK and equivalent to www.isi.edu] ftp://ftp.cisco.com: MIBS for CISCO routers ftp://ftp.near.net/pub/cmu-snmp1.2u.tar.Z - Version 1.2(Unofficial) CMU SNMP code. MIB-II support ftp://zippy.telcom.arizona.edu/pub/snm/agents/* Schema and oid for SunNet Manager ftp://ptt.lcs.mit.edu/pub/snmp - MIT SNMP code - MIB-II ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/Digital/mib/ - Source of MIBs for DEC products. ftp://nexus.yorku.ca/pub/tcl_snmp Tcl/Tk interface to SNMP ftp://ctron.com/pub/management/mibs - Cabletron MIBS JP McNeely writes: "The above is now under: ftp://ctron.com/pub/snmp/mibs ftp://loki.oar.net/pub/xnetdb - Xnetdb "A network database and monitoring tool" by henryc@oar.net X-based network monitoring system with an integrated database which uses SNMP and PING to graphically display the state of the network. [THE ABOVE URL HAS REPORTEDLY DISAPPEARED -- 7/3/98] ftp://ftp.navya.com/pub/nocol.tar.gz http://www.netplex-tech.com/software/nocol NOCOL/SNIPS - System & Network Monitoring Software This is a network monitoring package for TCP/IP networks. v4.2 has been released (July 1998). Features: - ICMP monitor - RPC monitor for Unix hosts - Unix host performance monitor - SNMP variable monitor for RMON, Ciscos, etc. - BGP monitor - Mailq length monitor - Ethernet load monitor - TCP port monitor (SMTP, WWW, News) - radius daemon monitor - Nameserver monitor - SNMP trap monitor - Terminal server usage (modem lines) - Novell services - Appletalk routing - Web interface ftp://aarnet.edu.au/pub/gwtraffic AARNet Traffic Monitoring This document describes the implementation of the 'new' AARNet traffic monitoring application. The application is composed of several (sh) shell script programs, together with an SNMP application (GWTRAFFIC) and an interactive plotting program (GNUPLOT). Re: perl & SNMP There are two solutions: one requires patches to perl, the other (Tricklet, see above) uses an external program. Contact gmstreet@guy.b30.ingr.com for information on his extension/patches to perl for SNMP. It might be available via FTP on liasun3.epfl.ch/pub/net/snmp/snmpperl* Re: "The Internet Rover" contact wbn@merit.edu 2.13.01.02 Paul Boot writes: I have a small contribution to the FAQ concerning SNMP FTP sites. For the European users this site will be usefull: ftp://src.doc.ic.ac.uk dir: computing/comms/tcpip/snmp This dir contains Tricklet, xsnmp, xnetdb and others. Your Editor notes... Public domain network management tools (not necessarily SNMP) are available via anonymous FTP from ftp://cs.curtin.edu.au. Look in the /pub/netman directory. The tools are: etherman - displays ethernet traffic by volume geotraceman - displays a geographic version of traceroute 2.13.01.03 Yuval Shchory wrote: > I'm desperatly searching for an SNMP generator. What I need is give > the generator an IP to which it should send the trap, and the MIB > Variable which should be sent. Try http://www.smplsft.com/sagent2.html or http://www.NuDesignTeam.com/trapSend.html Jay Riddell 2.13.01.04 You should look at the SNMP utilities provided by Erlang. It is good. BUt you will have to learn a new language - Erlang. Check it out at http://www.erlang.org Chandru 2.14.01 SUBJECT: What CMIP software is available? ----------------------------------------- 2.14.01.01 Public Domain Software is available from University College London, UK as follows: [NOTE: ALSO SEE BRUCE BARNETT'S FTP LIST IN PART 1.] Graham Knight writes: >HOW TO GET A COPY >OSIMIS is not a supported package and no guarantees are offered about >its operation. You may use it and adapt it to your own use but this is entirely at your own risk. We may be able >to help with any problems you have but we can offer no guarantees - >there is very little effort to spare for this at UCL. >1. Internet > If you can FTP to the Internet, you can use anonymous FTP to > cs.ucl.ac.uk [128.16.5.31] and retrieve the files > osimis/osimis-3.tar.Z (a 2.2 Mb compressed tar image), > osimis/osimis-manual-1.ps.Z (0.4 Mb of compressed postrcript). > If you do not have InterViews-2.6, you may also retrieve the files > osimis/InterViews-2.6.tar.Z (a 3.4 Mb compressed tar image) and > osimis/InterViews.README (a text file). >2. FTAM on the IPSS, JANET or IXI > If you can use FTAM over X.25, you can use anonymous FTAM to the > host 23421920030013 through IPSS, 00000511160013 through JANET > or 20433450420113 through IXI with TSEL 259 (acsii encoding). > You should log in as "anon" and retrieve the files > osimis/osimis-3.tar.Z (a 2.2 Mb compressed tar image) and > osimis/osimis-manual-1.ps.Z (0.4 Mb of compressed postrcript). > If you do not have InterViews-2.6, you may also retrieve the files > osimis/InterViews-2.6.tar.Z (a 3.4 Mb compressed tar image) and > osimis/InterViews.README (a text file). > For information only: > Telephone: +44-71-380-7215 (George Pavlou) > +44-71-380-7366 (Graham Knight) > Fax: +44-71-387-1397 > Telex: 28722 > Internet: 2.15.01 SUBJECT: SNMP and Windows NT/95 -------------------------------- Note: This section is NOT intended to replace the Winsock FAQ, but only to provide some specific SNMP-related references. 2.15.01.01 Books on Windows 95/NT SNMP Windows NT SNMP by: James D. Murray ISBN 1-56592-338-3 O'Reilly 800-998-9938 www.oreilly.com 2.15.01.02 Getting started with SNMP on Windows NT Windows NT comes with an extendible agent. You can install the extendible agent, and a included MIBII extension, in Network in ControlPanel. Under the Services Tab, you can press add service. The files should be included on your CD. I don't think its possible to get the source code for the extendible. There are, however, source code available for extension agents. You should be able to find a document called "Microsoft Windows NT ANMP Agent Extension", by Steve Rosato, if you search in SDKs, MSDN or maybe Microsofts Web-pages. This document together with the sample (Toaster-agent) gives a starting point in developing own extensions. There are also several extensions available from diffrent vendors. Both SNMP Agents and Managers on NT (and Win95) use the SNMP API. There are source code available for a simple manager called SNMPUTIL and SNMPWALK. Try to search for these. And of course it's possible to buy NT managers form diffrent vendors. Kenneth Herskedal 2.15.01.03 Getting Traffic Counts From a long post by Jean Renard Ward on traffic counts: -------------------- begin excerpts: This is a note I am posting and EMailing to many of the people who contacted us from the USENET Newsgroups, ListServers, and other forums about how to get the network traffic counters on Windows95 and WindowsNT. -- snip -- // "Coding for Win95 - The SNMP MIB" // http://www.dbn.lia.net/users/chris/snmp.html // or // http://196.27.35.6/users/chris/snmp.html -- snip -- // There is more information on SNMP at: // http://www.inforamp.net/~kjvallil/snmp.html ------------------- end excerpts for more info: mailto:jrward@world.std.com 2.15.01.04 ucd-snmp and Windows NT "The ucd-snmp applications (snmpget, snmpwalk, snmptrap, snmptable...) all work on Windows NT and Windows 95. The agent, however, currently does not. The agent was originally written for the unix operating sytem, and agent's in general are very operating system specific, so porting the (or any) agent to an entirely different platform, like Windows NT, would be a rather long task. The ucd-snmp toolkit has a very extensible agent that allows you to remove large sections of code from compilation easily, so porting the agent could at least be broken down into sections and tackled in small pieces." Wes Hardaker 2.15.01.05 Re: Traps with Ms Windows NT 4.0 SNMP API jp@dialogs.de wrote: > I'm trying to develop an agent, that sends traps with some variable > bindings included. So far the only success was a crash of the SNMP > service (bad luck!). My guess is, that I do not allocate memory > correctly. > > Could anyone post me sample code how to do it right or any other > advice. Make sure you use the SNMP_malloc and SNMP_free routines. Also make sure that you allocated (via SNMP_malloc) the varBindList.List memory sizeof RFC1157VarBind * # of variables (where # of variables equals the len field). Cindy 2.15.01.06 Windows 95 SNMP Agent Sanjay Zalavadia (sanjay@svnetworks.com) wrote: : Anyone know of an SNMP agent that can be run on Windows 95 The Win95 SNMP-Agent is included on the Win95-CD. The agent can be installed via the Network Option in the Control Panel. Location on the Cd is ADMIN\NETTOOLS Martin Steiner If you don't have the right win95 cd, you can get it from http://www.microsoft.com/windows95/info/admintools.htm under "SNMP Agent and related files" at the bottom of the page. Margie Mago [NOTE: ABOVE URL REPORTED NO LONGER VALID. 11/20/98] > I'm trying to build an agent on win95 too, but it seems to only work on > NT... Well, you're in luck. I finally found out what was going wrong myself. There's a documented bug in Win95 which means extension agents don't work. Nice huh? You have to install the winsock 2 update available from the MS website. Maybe this should go in the FAQ. It mentions that SNMPAPI.DLL is required, but not that you have to get a new version of SNMP.EXE as well! 2.15.01.07 SNMP Community Strings on Windows 95 Bob deBoda wrote: > > how can i set the community names for win95 computers? tia. You have to do it directly by the windows registry. Microsoft doesn't provides a tool to do it!! Open the registry -> regedit Go under : HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services... ...\SNMP\Parameters\TrapConfiguration Add a key representing the communities you want to support. Under this key, add string values representing the machines you want to be in your community. Go under : HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services... ...\SNMP\Parameters\ValidCommunities Add the communities that you which SNMP to Accept request from. (I'm not sure if this key is used, because the NT tool to add communities doesn't update this key!!). Alain Dessureaux 2.15.01.08 Windows 95/NT MIB Rich> Anyone kindly advise me where can I find MIB for win95/NT ? Rich> I have a SunNet manager that need to monitor the status of Win95/NT. you can find the MIBs for NT and related software (IIS...) at [see below] , the file is called NEWMIB.EXE You can find this file on the RK - CD also. The Win95 MIB should be provided on the Win95 CD in admin\nettools\snmp, but I don't know if there is a special Win95 MIB. Martin Steiner For people who want to download directly the the Windows 95/NT MIB and who may not be familiar with Microsoft's FTP site, the exact URL for newmib.exe is: ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/softlib/mslfiles/newmib.exe Eric Perie ... for NT the MIBs are on the NT Resource Kit CD. Blaine Owens 2.15.01.09 SNMP Tool Kit for Windows NT LogiSoft AR Ltd. is shipping SNMPv2 toolkit for Windows NT/95 v2.1 The toolkit includes SNMPv2/v1 C++ class library for MS VC++ and Borland C++ Builder. Please visit www.logisoftar.com for details. Alan Revzin 2.15.01.10 The "Toaster MIB" and How to Use It > Is anyone here acquainted with the sample SNMP extension agent and > management app that come with the NT SDK? The management app is > command-line based, and the extension agent is supposed to manage a virtual > Toaster, of all things. > > Howver, I cannot get any of it to work. The extension agent dll is > registered properly, and is definitely being loaded into the SNMP service's > process space, but the SnmpExtensionInit API is never called. Can anyone > explain why this might be ? It's got me utterly stumped ... > > Reuben Harris If you want to test the toaster mib extension agent dll, you must compile the toaster.mib file with mib compiler, mibcc (this mib compiler is in NT resource kit CD) when you compile the toaster.mib, you must consider the order of mib file. i think <> and then restart the snmp service and retest the snmputil. Hae-Joo Kim 1) Install the SNMP Agent network service in Windows 95/NT. (Sounds like you already did this.) 2) Register the extension agent in your Window 95/NT registery via regedit/regedit32. (Sounds like you did this too.) 3) If needed, compile the extension agent. (Using Visual C++ 5.0, I successfully compiled the toaster MIB as a DLL with a static link to snmpapi.lib.) 4) Install the extension agent (i.e. toaster MIB DLL) in the directory you defined in regedit/regedit32. 5) (And this is what took me a day to figure out...) Install snmpapi.dll in c:/windows. 6) Restart your agent Windows 95/NT platform. Your SNMP manager should now be able to query the "toaster MIB" extension agent under 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.2. Dave Downey 2.15.01.11 Disappearing MIB Objects I installed SNMP service on my NT4 w/s and ran perfmon and was hoping to find the TCP/IP/UDP/ICMP objects to monitor them.. i just cannot find them..any help why.. the documentation says they should show up!! Some info I think I should add when i start the snmp service it says this message :" The procedure entry point snmpsvcGetEnterpriseOID could not be located in the dynamic link library snmpapi.dll" But the service starts after that.. --Arni Raghu This is a very common problem - The problem is that you've added SNMP after you installed a Service Pack. You need to reinstall a service pack (preferably Service Pack #3) --Paul Bayer 2.15.01.12 "Is there any free SNMP manager that can run on NT 4.0" You can download a copy of Compaq Netelligent Management Software strait from Compaq's web site at http://www.compaq.com/products/networking/software/cnms/index.html This package is a full win32 SNMP management console that comes bundled with all of Compaq's networking products, but you can download it strait from Compaq! It has received some very good reviews lately and can manage non-Compaq products as well as Compaq products. -Pete Hansen There is a free program from Network Computing Technologies that deals with traps on NT. It does pretty much what you have described, and they will be willing to work with you on other implementations. The latest version, 3.0, is currently in beta and is available at ftp://ftp.ncomtech.com/pub/TrapRcvr/V301Beta/traprcvr301.zip -Martin Cooley 2.16.01 SUBJECT: More About CMU SNMP Software -------------------------------------- 2.16.01.01 I've released version 1.11 of the CMU SNMP Library. ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp This version contains a couple of bug fixes. The most important one is that it will correctly call the new parser to read the new mibfiles (mib-v2.txt). If you use our SNMP library, and wouldn't mind others knowing it, please send me some mail describing what you are working on, and any URLs you may have. I'd like to collect this information and put it on the CMU SNMP web site. For examples of how to use this library, check out the snmpapps collection: ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp/snmpapps/ An example of using the build-in miniclient can be found at: ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp/dns/dnscmd/ The main changes are: Shared Library Support ---------------------- Now has the ability to build a shared library. New Parser ---------- Added a new parser that will handle SMIv2 (and even some SMIv1) MIBs without any MIB changes. This was the #1 complaint about the previous releases was the inability to use MIBs from within RFCs. Now you can. Check out ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/mibs for more information on what MIBs we've used without problems. (Currently, we're using lots of MIBs from RFCs, and from Cisco.) The old parser is still there, so the file /etc/mib.txt will still be parsed as it is now. However, if the file /etc/mib-v2.txt (or the env. var. MIBFILE_v2 is set), that MIB will be read instead. I believe everybody that uses our software will be happy with the new parser. -Ryan I've released a new version of the CMU SNMP Apps. They are located at: ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp/snmpapps The major change in this version is the Win32 port. Included is a readme file that will tell you how to compile them under Win32 with the newest CMU SNMP library (1.9). The CMU SNMP library, available at ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp, will encode and decode SNMPv1 (and v2) packets. While it has a "C" interface, the headers will correctly work with C++, and you can use it there. It does work in the Win32 environment, and currently comes with a set of workspaces for Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0. -Ryan 2.16.01.02 Anthony Perry wrote: > I am trying to get CMU SNMP to compile nicely on Solaris 2.5.1 using Gcc > 2.7.2. I am getting a tonne of warnings on the lib build and tonnes of > errors on the apps. > Any suggestions that you can give will be greatly appreciated. ==ANSWERS: try ftp://ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu/pub/snmp Niels Baggesen Which CMU SNMP distribution are you using? ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp/cmu-snmp-V1.6.tar.gz should compile without any problems. -Ryan Troll 2.16.01.03 (Philip L. Tsai) writes: > The lastest distribution number I saw is 2.1.2, which doesn't compile > successfully on Solaris (-- I ran into the same difficulty as Anthony). > Is V1.6 the same as 2.1.2 ? > ==ANSWER: No. V1.6 is the SNMPv1 package, modified to allow SNMPv2 requests. It is not based on the 2.1.2 package at all, doesn't come with an SNMP agent, and doesn't support parties. Basicly, if you want to write an SNMP app, I'd suggest this library. But that's just because it's what I'm currently using. :) If you want an agent and/or the SNMPv2 party stuff, use the library from ftp://ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu/. -Ryan Troll 2.16.01.04 Steven Chew wrote: > Can some kind soul please summarize the differences between > the CMU version 1.6 and the UCD version 3.2 SNMP packages? > I believe they both started from version 2.1.2 of the > CMU library. > > Which one should I use as the basis > to write an agent for an ethernet switch? Thanks a million! ==ANSWER: UCD started out from CMU 2.1.2. CMU 1.6 is a rewrite (started from CMU 1.1)that offers an API and the simple applications (GET, GETNEXT, WALK, SET), but no agent functionality. UCD has a reasonably complete (extensible) agent for many (Unix) operating systems. -- Niels Baggesen 2.16.01.05 Does CMU provide an agent? ===ANSWER: The CMU SNMP Agent was part of the older SNMP software available via: ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp-dist/cmu-snmp2.1.2.tar.Z We currently do not support that agent. I'd suggest looking at the UCD SNMP Agent. It was based on this agent, but is more functional and portable. -Ryan Troll 2.16.01.06 Guochun Zhao writes: > I have two questions for developing SNMP Manager for trap messages. > > (1) In CMU library, when you start a session with snmp_open(), you > have to specify whether it is SNMPv1 or SNMPv2. Is that possible > to develop a manager can handle both SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 trap > messages simultaneously? > ===ANSWER: Yes. Before you send each trap, reset the Version field of the snmp_session structure to the appropriate value. When the library decodes a PDU, it resets the version of the session to what it received. The version is only really used as a sanity check when encoding V1/V2 specific PDUs. If you change it before each send, everything _should_ work. > (2) How do I configure the community for SNMPv1 trap message? > The community string for all PDUs (V1 traps included) is the session community string. Just change it when you change the session Version, and everything _should_ work as well. -Ryan Troll 2.16.01.07 Adding MIB to CMU SNMP 1.7 ==ANSWER: Basicly, you need to do the following: * Make sure it's a v2 MIB (MAX-ACCESS, not ACCESS; etc.) * Remove MODULE-IDENTITY entries * Remove TEXTUAL-CONVENTIONs * Remove DEFVAL entries * Remove (SIZE()) constraints on anything (IE: OCTET STRING and DisplayString) * Make sure the first quote on all DESCRIPTION strings are followed by a space That's all I can think of offhand. Typicly, I make these changes, and then stick the new MIB into the MIBFILE, and see what fails. I've been placing the MIBs I've modified for use with our parser in: ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/mibs/ If anybody comes up with other MIBS that have been modified, or changes that need to be made, please send them to me, and I'll add them to the HowTo / put them on the FTP site. -Ryan Troll 2.16.01.08 i'm trying to get the cmu snmp library and the included tools to work with my cisco router. as far as i only use the included mib.txt everything works fine. but i also would like to look at the private parts of the cisco mib. therefor i wanted to include cisco mibs into the mib.txt file. but i haven't succeeded so far. there are a lot of parse errors. i even downloaded the modified cisco mibs from cmu.edu but didn't work either. what is the correct way to do this? what cisco mibs to use? just append the mib to the end of the default mib.txt? i've read the faq and found no clue. i would be very glad if someone could give me pointers to get this to work. better even: a working mib.txt with cisco's mibs already included. --Ralph Schmieder ==ANSWER The CMU code has a miserable parser when it comes to MIBFiles. If you want some MIBs that will work with the CMU code, check out: ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/mibs This contains the MIBs I've modified to work with our code, as well as a script to process them into something usable. Check out the readme for more info. This site contains lots of cisco mibs. -Ryan Troll 2.16.01.09 Hey! Where's the Documentation? ==ANSWER The only true documentation for the CMU SNMP Library, aside from the manpages, are the programs written using it. The examples I'd suggest are: * The SNMP Apps collection (ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp/snmpapps) * The BIND SNMP Agent (ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp/dns) * DNSCMD: A small program to fetch data from the BIND SNMP Agent (ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp/dns/dnscmd). DNSCMD uses the snmp-mini-client, so it should be a good example. Some of the other stuff in the ciscotools directory (ftp://ftp.net.cmu.edu/pub/snmp/ciscotools) may use it as well, but I don't remember. -Ryan Troll 2.16.01.99 For more info, check out: http://www.net.cmu.edu/projects/snmp and http://www.net.cmu.edu/projects/agentx 2.17.01 SUBJECT: Miscellaneous SNMP-related Products --------------------------------------------- 2.17.01.01 SNMP and SQL Ivan Leong wrote: > > for the data received via snmpwalk on _any_ given server, > how do i go about defining a SQL database table to store > the data? > > it should be as general as possible, ie, the table makes > no assumation on the SNMP data nor the server(s) the data > are from .. I don`t know if it will solve your problem, but check this URL: http://www.redpt.com The product is called SNMP QL. It allows you to do SQL queries on an SNMP MIB. Benoit Legare If you want a lot of versatility in the use of enterprise MIBs, as well as some fun, try SnmpQL from Redpoint Software (http://www.redpt.com) . It is an ODBC driver that reads SNMP data as a database. The ODBC driver setup has a built in MIB compiler, and it ships with several MIBs. Imagine tying in SNMP Gets and/or Sets with an Excel spreadsheet, Access database, etc. It's a totally different approach than SNMPc or HPOV, but it will give you some creative ways to use the NT enterprise MIBs as well as the MIB-II structure. Jeff Jones 2.17.01.02 Monitoring Applications with SNMP Paul Julie wrote: > I wish to implement SNMP for monitoring application status. Here is a brief > list of requirements: > > 1) Segmentation fault or application dies, I would like the application to > trap on this and send a message to OpenView or Tivoli (I realize this can be > done through signals) > > 2) If we are reading a stream of synchronous data and it is suddenly stopped > or slowed down it would be nice to report this to OpenView or Tivoli. > > I realize that SNMP was meant for networks, but I have been reading it's > matured into an application monitoring tool as well. > > N.B We are currently using OpenView and are not committed to Tivoli, but we > are leaning in that direction. Apparently Tivoli will handle SNMP. > > Having said all of this I need information on the following: > > 1) Where are the SNMP C/C++ API's located to do this? > 2) I need example code. <--very important > 3) I need supported platforms for Sun Solaris 2.5.1 and NT 4.0 > 4) Is there a "good" FAQ on this. > I've played around with lots of SNMP code, most of it freely available. I've found the best for Solaris 2.5.1 to be from MIT. It compiled without error and the code was very clean, if a little too elegant. You can get it from ftp://mercury.lcs.mit.edu/pub/snmp. However, documentation is thin on the ground. I spent a couple of days with the code and it taught me a lot more than anything else. I'm successfully building agents to monitor our remote applications and databases with it. (If you need help getting started I'll send you the code I have added so you can get a general idea) It took me ages to crawl up the learning curve for SNMP. Everything seemed too complicated in the beginning, and the FAQs were not all that much use. However, I found a book that helped me a lot. [Total SNMP 2nd ed. (1998) Sean Harnedy published Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-646994-9] Malcolm Sparks [Editor's Notes: Sorry, Mr. Julie, but there are no '"good" FAQ's on this', just this one. Sorry we let you down too, Mr. Sparks. Hopefully adding your input will make it more useful to the next pilgrim.] 2.17.01.03 Data Collection Applications for SNMP "Take a look at SNMX from WWW.CPRO.COM. [Note: See below] This is a freeware, very powerful SNMP scripting language. It has some graphing capabilities built in, but they are fairly primitive. SNMX is ideal, however, for building your own tool to extract the SNMP variable values you are interested in, and then using some other tool (Access, Excel, etc) to do your analysis." John W. Manly "SNMX, Simple Network Management Executive program is now being distributed by DDRI, Diversified Data Resources, Inc., of Novato, CA. Note that Cyber Professionals, who previously was distributing SNMX, is no longer incorporated or on the Web. Distributions of SNMX Version 5 will be available after the first of this month from DDRI's Web site: http://www.ddri.com -- in the interim, you can obtain information on SNMX from 1-800-233-DDRI (1-800-233-3374). [...] please note that this program is freely distributed for private use, but cannot be resold or redistributed by any organization or individual, via any means or in any form, without written permission from Diversified Data Resources, Inc." Jeff Davison 2.17.01.04 An SNMP Agent for Software > I need to make my server software monitorable with SNMP - see how many > users are on, uptimes and so on. It would be nice if it could send > notifications (traps?) about serious errors to SNMP monitors as well. > > Jukka Vaisanen May be you would like to try AGENT++, which is actually a very _simple_to use C++ API based on SNMP++. It offers even a simple way to create SNMP tables. See http://www.fock.de/frank/english/agent++src for details. AGENT++, examples, and documentation can be downloaded from there. AGENT++ can be used with Linux, Digital Unix 3.2/4.0, Solaris 2.5.1/2.6. Porting it to Windows NT should be easy... Frank Fock "I downloaded AGENT++ from Mr. Frank Fock's web site last week and ported it to NT. Now it can be used to write NT Extension Agents. You can visit http://www.fock.de/frank/english/agent++src/ to see the Windows NT Port announcement." Joseph C. Hu 2.17.01.05 An SNMP Trap Generator There is an NT command line utility for generating traps available at: ftp://ftp.ncomtech.com/pub/NtTrapGen/nttrapgen.exe There is also a text file detailing how to use it at: ftp://ftp.ncomtech.com/pub/NtTrapGen/nttrapgen.txt You can visit their main web page at http://www.ncomtech.com and follow the link to download. There you can get on a mail list for updates to the program. Martin Cooley 2.17.01.06 SNMP Sniffer Announcing SNMP Sniffer version 1.0, a promiscuous SNMP packet decoder for Linux and Solaris (potentially runs in any *NIX system supporting libpcap and CMU-SNMP). More information and source code in http://users.linuxbox.com/~nunol/snmpsniff/ Nuno Leitao 2.18.01 SUBJECT: SNMP and OS/2 ----------------- 2.18.01.01 Andreas Kuhn wrote: > I am new to SNMP. I want to start a snmp agent on a OS2 System. > On a OS2 Warp 3 i have some tool: snmp, snmpd, snmpgrp ... > On Warp4 the programs seem not to exist anymore. Where have they gone? > How can I get a snmp agent for warp4? ANSWER: Check out the free software/systemview agent stuff at: http://www.raleigh.ibm.com/sha/shahome.html Margie Mago 2.18.02 SUBJECT: SNMP and SCO Unix Some hints on SNMP and SCO Unix. http://www.cruzio.com/~jeffl/sco/snmp_install.txt Jeff Liebermann 2.18.03 SUBJECT: SNMP and Linux Bill Nash wrote: >Is anyone aware of a Linux based SNMP management software package? >Your help is appreciated. --- You might want to brows the "Linux SNMP Network Management Tools" web page at http://linas.org/linux/NMS.html. There is also another compilation of references to freely-distributable network management packages from: http://www.kernel.org/software/mon/netman/ Also there are several which can use SNMP to monitor devices, both for fault detection and performance management: "mon" http://www.kernel.org/software/mon/ "scotty" http://www.cs.utwente.nl/~schoenw/scotty/ "Playin' in the LAN" http://www.Grateful.Net/hw_html/ Jim Trocki Nelson Yeung wrote: >>Can someone tell me where can I download the linux version of ISODE 8.0 ? It is available at most sunsite archives: http://metalab.unc.edu/linux/pub/Linux/system/network/isode/ Mark Purcell 2.18.04 SUBJECT: SNMP and AS/400 Nicolas Maillard wrote: > Where i could find doc on as400 snmp (like snmp collect information tree) Comtek Services has an SNMP Agent for AS/400. Look at their web site http://www.comtekservices.com for information. Don Winans 2.20.01 SUBJECT: SNMP++ 2.20.01.01 SNMP++ -- An SNMP API Class Library: "Try SNMP++ from http://rosegarden.external.hp.com/snmp++! It is truely object oriented and is much easier to use as CMU SNMP." "SNMP++ Revision 2.5 =================================================================== I am pleased to announce the completion of the new SNMP++ specification. Over the last year SNMP++ has gone from a version 1 specification, which was presented at a Birds-of-a-Feather at Networld-Interop '95, to the currently available 2.5 revision. The new specification is freely available on the following FTP server. Where to Find the New Specification and Header Files: ------------------------------------------------------------------ FTP Server Name: rosegarden.external.hp.com (192.151.46.12) Login: anonymous Files /pub/snmp++/doc snmp_pp.doc (MS-Word 6-7 Format) snmp_pp.ps (Postscript version) /pub/snmp++/include *.h (C++ class definitions) Intent: ------------------------------------------------------------------- The intent of the publication of this specification is to make SNMP++ an open specification as a C++ based SNMP API and as a C++ extension to WinSNMP. All developers are encouraged to review the specification and all comments and suggestions are welcome. What is SNMP++: ------------------------------------------------------------------- SNMP++ is a set of C++ classes which provide SNMP services to a network management application developer. SNMP++ is not an additional layer or wrapper over existing SNMP engines. SNMP++ utilizes existing SNMP libraries in a few minimized areas and in doing so is efficient and portable. SNMP++ is not meant to replace other existing SNMP APIs such as WinSNMP, rather it offers power and flexibility would otherwise be difficult to manage and implement. SNMP++ brings the Object Advantage to network management development. Peter E Mellquist 2.20.01.02 "If you are interested in C++ APIs for multi-lingual SNMP manager and agent development, you may download SNMP++ 3.0 (beta) and AGENT++ 3.0 (beta) free of charge from http://www.fock.de/frank/english/agent++src Both packages support v1,v2c, and v3 simultaneously. They support v3 authentication via MD5 and SHA, as well as v3 privacy with DES and IDEA. Please see the above mentioned URL for more information." Frank Fock See also topic 2.17.01.04 2.20.01.03 Hi, you may try SNMP++2.6a(e) from http://www.fock.de/agent++ I have modified the official SNMP++2.6 release for UNIX to work with Linux (egcs), Solaris 2.5/2.6/2.7 and Digital Unix 3.0/4.0. With a few more modifications to the Makefile it is reported to work also for AIX. SNMP++2.6a(e) comes with a couple of bugfixes and little enhancements to the official release. The fixes are listed in http://www.fock.de/agent++/readme.snmp++ Frank Fock 2.21.01 SUBJECT: What is AgentX? 2.21.01.01 A good starting place is http://www.scguild.com/agentx. This is the "home page" for the IETF AgentX Working Group. Mark Ellison 2.21.01.02 "I am looking for a sub-agent library support which handles the SMUX protocol in order to communicate with the UCD Agent. Any support or pointers to such support or information for me creating that support would be very helpful." Mike Michaud You're better choice would be to use AgentX, which is a more recent subagent protocol developed by the IETF's AgentX working group. The UCD agent has recently been upgraded to support AgentX as well. CMU has a sub-agent development library available, I believe, as well. Wes Hardaker 2.21.01.03 The UCD agent now includes an *alpha* implementation of the basics of AgentX support, true. But this is by no means complete, or even likely to work on anything other than a Linux system (and even there I'd offer no guarantees). It's a starting point - no more. It certainly can't be called "supported". Maybe for the next release, but not just yet.... please! Certainly for sub-agent development, the CMU library is a better starting point at the moment. The UCD work is much more closely tied in with the main agent code. Dave Shield 2.21.01.04 Another good source for an overview of the AgentX technology is the April 1996 issue of "The Simple Times". You can get an HTML version of this at , and there are PostScript and PDF versions also available. AgentX itself is defined in RFC2257 with copies in your nearest repository. There is a draft of an AgentX MIB also, but as a draft it should not be relied upon. It does not appear that AgentX development is progressing very rapidly at the present time. CMU has implemented a reference version of an AgentX SNMP agent and libraries to use for sub-agents, but this appears to be the extent of the current work. But, RFC2257 is quite well written and I would hope that further development using AgentX progresses. Bill Larson 2.30.00 --The SNMP MIB (Management Information Base) 2.30.01 SUBJECT: What is a MIB? ----------------- A collection of objects which describe an SNMP managable entity. An Important Note: There IS ONLY ONE SNMP MIB. All these other "MIBs" which are cited herein are extensions to *the* SNMP MIB. Popular usage and strict definition do not agree on this point, so be careful in how and when you talk about the plural of MIB. "Most people, when first starting to learn SNMP, believe that the MIB is a database/datastore. It is not. The MIB does not contain data. Nor does the MIB retrieve data from your monitored product." "When a network manager wants to learn about your node, be it hardware or software, he must have some way of determining what information is available to him, and what it means. This is where the MIB comes in. The MIB is not a database. It is a way of logically grouping data so that it is easily understood by all. When you design a MIB, you define and describe the components of your product. You also define and describe the data-objects which the network manager would be interested in. When building your MIB, you logically place the data-objects within the product components that you previously defined. You now have a description of your product, and the data-objects which a network manager may request. At this point, you have a simple MIB. Note that your product is not running. There are no values in the MIB. Only a description of each object. And yet your simple MIB is complete. A network manager could look at it, and gain a basic understanding of your product. He could also determine what specific data-objects he would like to query; after your product is running, and SNMP enabled, of course.": "The MIB compiler does not 'generate data'. The MIB file is still in the same form that it was written in. It is an ASCII text file, written in SMIv2 syntax." Wallace Gaebel 2.30.02 SUBJECT: What are MIB-I and MIB-II ----------------------------- MIB-I was the first SNMP MIB accepted as standard. MIB-II added some much-needed objects, and has become the standard SNMP MIB. Note that SNMPv2 expands upon MIB-II with new groups and objects, and is therefore not MIB-II but includes MIB-II. See below for more about SNMPv2. Dave Jagoda writes to provide ... " ... some useful RFC's that I think might be of general interest (particularly since I think many people don't realize these exist and might try to invent something like these on their own). They all have in common the fact that they are assigned under the mib-2 portion of the tree." RFC1158, RFC1213, RFC1215: mib-2 ( 1 - 11 ) mib-2 ------------------------------------------- In the case of MIB-2 (12), brock@cs.unca.edu writes: In RFC 1229, Extension to the Generica-Interface MIB, the objects in ifExtensions, experimental (6), are defined. In RFC 1239, some experimental MIBs are reassigned to standard MIBs. At that time, the Generic IF objects are reassigned to mib-2 (12). However, RFC 1573 officially "obsoletes" RFC 1229, by defining a new class objects, in mib(30) and mib(31) that replace the the ones of RFC 1229. Also, there seems to be a new RFC -- RFC 1657 -- for mib-2 (15), BGP. ------------------------------------------- RFC1243: mib-2 ( 13 ) appletalk RFC1253: mib-2 ( 14 ) ospf RFC1269: mib-2 ( 15 ) bgp (obsolete?) RFC1657: mib-2 ( 15 ) BGP (current?) RFC1271: mib-2 ( 16 ) rmon RFC1286: mib-2 ( 17 ) dot1dBridge RFC1289: mib-2 ( 18 ) phiv RFC1316: mib-2 ( 19 ) char RFC1353: mib-2 ( 20 - 21) snmpParties, snmpSecrets RFC1368: mib-2 ( 22 ) snmpDot3RptrMgt RFC1389: mib-2 ( 23 ) rip2 RFC1414: mib-2 ( 24 ) ident RFC1514: mib-2 ( 25 ) host RFC1515: mib-2 ( 26 ) 802.3 MAUs RFC1565: mib-2 ( 27 ) network services RFC1566: mib-2 ( 28 ) mail RFC1567: mib-2 ( 29 ) X.500 directory RFC1573: mib-2 ( 30 ) "IANA ifType" RFC1573: mib-2 ( 31 ) "Interfaces Group" RFC1611: mib-2 ( 32 ) DNS server RFC1628: mib-2 ( 33 ) UPS RFC1666: mib-2 ( 34 ) SNA NAUs For info on an effort to develop a WWW server MIB, see http://http-mib.onramp.net/ Micha Kushner writes: You should make the following updates to part 2 of snmp faq, @III, @2. Many of the RFS'c listed have been obsoleted. MIB-II- Listed New ------------------------------------- 13 1243 1742 14 1253 1850 16 1271 1513 (Has rmon token ring extensions) 17 1286 1493 18 1289 1559 19 1316 1658 22 1368 1516 23 1389 1724 ------------------------------------- Draft MIB RFCs as of 1 July 1996 RFC 1493 - Bridge RFC 1516 - IEE 802.3 Repeater RFC 1559 - DECNet phase IV RFC 1657 - BGP version 4 RFC 1658 - Character Device RFC 1659 - RS-232 Interface RFC 1660 - Parallel Printer RFC 1694 - SMDS Interface Protocol (SIP) RFC 1724 - RIP version 2 RFC 1742 - Appletalk RFC 1748 - IEEE 802.5 Token Ring Interface RFC 1757 - RMON RFC 1850 - OSPF version 2 proposed MIB standards as of 1 July 1996 RFC 1285 - FDDI Interface (SMT 6.2) RFC 1315 - Frame Relay DTE RFC 1354 - IP Forwarding RFC 1381 - X.25 LAPB RFC 1382 - X.25 PLP RFC 1406 - DS1/E1 Interface RFC 1407 - DS3/E3 Interface RFC 1414 - Identification RFC 1461 - Multiprotocol Interconnect over X.25 RFC 1471 - PPP Link Control Protocol RFC 1472 - PPP Security Protocols RFC 1473 - PPP IP Network Control Protocol RFC 1474 - PPP Network Control Protocol RFC 1512 - FDDI Interface (SMT 7.3) RFC 1513 - Token Ring Extensions to RMON RFC 1514 - Host Resources RFC 1515 - IEE 802.3 MAU RFC 1525 - Source Routing Bridge RFC 1565 - Network Services Monitoring RFC 1566 - Mail Monitoring RFC 1567 - X.500 Directory Monitoring RFC 1573 - Evolution of MIB-II IF Group RFC 1595 - SONET/SDH Interface RFC 1604 - Frame Relay Service RFC 1611 - DNS Server RFC 1612 - DNS Resolver RFC 1628 - UPS RFC 1650 - Ether-Like Interface RFC 1666 - SNA NAU RFC 1695 - ATM RFC 1696 - Modem RFC 1697 - RDBMS RFC 1747 - SNA DLC RFC 1749 - IEEE 802.5 Station Source Routing RFC 1759 - Printer 2.30.03 SUBJECT: How do I convert SNMP V1 to SNMP V2 MIBs? Marc Ikemann wrote: > Hi, > > I hope you aren't sick of this question - I can imagine that it's asked > often - but I'm unable to find an answer, even the FAQ doesn't > tell me ... > > ... how to convert an SNMPv1 MIB to SNMPv2 ?! On the following, "how can you convert a MIB in the SMIv1 format to one in the SMIv2 format", the answer is that you cannot do this mechanically. This is because there is more information content in the SMIv2 format than the SMIv1 format. You can do much of the work with a text editor, but not all. The process is covered on pages 206-211 in "Understanding SNMP MIBs" by perkins and mcginnis, and in RFC 1908 pages 1-6. David T. Perkins 2.30.04 SUBJECT: How do I convert SNMP V2 to SNMP V1 MIBs? 2.30.04.01 snow@hei.co.kr wrote: > > hello! > > I have some need to convert standard v2 mib to v1 mib. > v2 mib has a object with syntax Counter64. > how can I convert that object to v.1 synatx object? > Is there any standard approach? > > thank you in advance. I don't know if it's still in service, but try to send your v2 mib to following address: mailto:mib-v2tov1@simple-times.org [Editor's note: URL reported obsolete. Mike Heard suggests "Try mailto:mib-v2tov1@dbc.fv.com"] About Counter64 objects, there is no possible translation. You should suppress them from the mib before sending it. Olivier Miakinen 64-bit counters are not supported in SMIv1 nor are they supported in SNMPv1 protocol. RFC 2089 covers the behavior of bi-lingual SNMP agents. [post edited here] The best approach for now is to NOT use the data type of Counter64 in defining a new MIB object, and instead define two MIB objects. One object is the low 32 bits of a counter value and the other object is the high bits of a counter value. This places a burden on SNMP applications, but is the best approach to be used until the high capacity issue is addressed by the IETF SNMP community. David T. Perkins 2.30.04.02 Michael Reinermann wrote: > I'm starting to work on a small project, which should support SNMPv1 but > not SNMPv2. (We will switch to SNMPv3 in later versions.) > > For a description of the interface group in the MIB we would like to > support the new RFC 2233. Now I found that in RFC 2233 there are a lot > of imports from SNMPv2. So what's the meaning of this ? > > Do we really have to support SNMPv2 in order to work with new RFCs like > 2233 resp. are we stuck with the 'old' RFC 1213 when supporting only > SNMPv1 ? The format of MIB modules is independent of the protocol except for objects that have data type of Counter64. This type is not supported in the SNMPv1 protocol. So you can implement RFC 2233 using the SNMPv1 protocol, except for the Counter64 objects. RFC 2089 provides you with information about implementing a bi-lingual agent. If your tools support MIBs only in SMIv1 format, you can convert them from the SMIv2 format to the SMIv1 format with MOSY and SMICng. (I would suggest that you get a license for SMICng from SNMPinfo at http://www.snmpinfo.com.) David T. Perkins 2.30.04.03 You can use mosy to convert MIBs. However, mosy is not doing a very good job in keeping things readable. It will also simply abort if it encounters things like Counter64 object types in SMIv2 MIB modules. Mosy is freely available. There is a free embeddable SMI parser library package called libsmi which includes a program called smidump. The smidump utility can output SMI MIB modules in various formats such as SMIv1, SMIv2, SMIng and mosy. Future versions will also support CORBA IDL and OID files (JIDM mappings) as well as various ASCII formats to be used by humans to analyze MIB modules. Finally, you can use the SMICng compiler written by Dave Perkins. This is a commercial product and probably the best compiler you can get right now. (I am sure there are more commercial products you can use that I do not know about.) URLs: ftp://ftp.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/pub/networking/snmp/compiler/ http://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/libsmi/ http://www.snmpinfo.com/ Juergen Schoenwaelder 2.30.05 SUBJECT: What are enterprise MIBs? [MIB segments?] ---------------------------------- An enterprise MIB is a MIB created by an enterprise [company, etc] to define a set of objects that are related to some product[s] from this enterprise, and that the enterprise agrees to make public so that network managers can use the MIB to manage some products from this enterprise. Here are some enterprises that have their own enterprise MIB : Proteon, IBM, CMU, ACC... - Paul Rolland [Note: There are now hundreds of enterprise MIB numbers assigned.] 2.30.06 SUBJECT: Where can I get enterprise MIBs? [MIB segments?] ------------------------------------ A. Try anonymous ftp to venera.isi.edu in mib/ [EDITOR'S NOTE: Micha Kushner writes: That name is didn't work for me. Try http://www.isi.edu Towards the bottom of the home page they have access to the ftp archives. Try the /mib directory (not /ftp/mib). The address ftp.isi.edu is also OK and equivalent to www.isi.edu] also: "If you're looking for a specific manufacturer's MIB, try their sites first: ftp.ctron.com - Cabletron ftp.cisco.com - Cisco ftp.xyplex.com - Xyplex" Almon (Al) Sorrell, Telecom Engineer B. For now: see Section II, topic 1, part C for more FTP sites. C. The companies which sell networking gear usually have a Web site or FTP site from which you can obtain their MIB segments. 2.31.01 SUBJECT: MIB Compiler Topics 2.31.01.01 For AGENT++ there is now a free automated MIB Compiler SERVICE running. Send a MIB file attached to an arbitrary (subject and body text will be ignored) email to mailto:agentgen@fock.de and you will receive an .h and .cpp for AGENT++ in return. (If an parse error occured you will get an error report) The SMI parser I am using is based on JavaCC and I can highly recommend using JavaCC in conjunction with a SMI BNF grammar. Unfortunately I can't hand out our BNF grammar, but for anyone who has particular questions / problems I am offering my help. Frank Fock 2.32.01 SUBJECT: How can I get ______ from the _____ MIB? --------------------------------------------------- 2.32.01.01 Tim Finkenstadt writes: >Hello, > >I was reading on cisco's web page (http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/535/3.html) >on SNMP that you can get the information about the following: > - whether the router is in danger of losing packets because of lack of > available queue space. > - The average CPU usage over five-second, one-minute, and five-minute > periods. > - The temperature of air entering and leaving the router. > >Do any of you happen to know the SNMP location for those statistics? > >TIA, > >Tim > ANSWER: These values are from the Cisco Management Information Base(MIB) User Quick Reference - 10.3 Page 35 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.46 bufferFail 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.47 bufferNoMem Page 36 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.57 avgBusy1 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58 avgBusy5 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.56 avgBusyPer Page 57 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.13.3 Use your snmpwalk to view this, too much to list I don't have the exact URL to find this, but I know it is available at http://www.cisco.com . Try searching for avgBusy1 to get in the right area. Dave Rupp 2.32.01.02 I wonder if someone out there knows, where I can find useful information about the structure of the Microsoft MIB-Namespace (1.3.6.1.4.1.311...). Although I searched TechNet and NT-Server Ressource Kit, I found no detailed information. I'm especially interested in the OID's under the system tree (..311.1). Martin Steiner ANSWER: .311.1 microsoft.software .311.1.2 microsoft.software.Wins .311.1.2.1.1 microsoft.software.Wins.Par .311.1.2.1.2 microsoft.software.Wins.Pull .311.1.2.1.3 microsoft.software.Wins.Push. .311.1.2.1.4 microsoft.software.Wins.Datafiles .311.1.2.1.5 microsoft.software.Wins.Cmd These are the top level OIDs. From here it gets very detailed. I have found that the MIB instance returned is rather long and after study reveals that MS Mibs return the value as a numeric mapping. i.e. 100 = A, 101 = B, 103 = C ...... David Castaneda If you search the keyword WINS.MIB or DHCP.MIB in the TechNet, you should find something. Joe Wong 2.32.01.03 Dan Teja wrote: > > I am trying to decifer date formats that are stored in octet strings. > > The date time Oct. 10 1997 10:01:02 is expressed as > > 07 CD 0A 0A 0A 01 02 00 2D 06 00 hex > 7 205 10 10 10 1 2 0 24 6 0 decimal > > I have played with it enough to believe that: > > 07 CD 0A 0A 0A 01 02 00 2D 06 00 > ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ > | | | | | seconds > | | | | minutes > | | | hours > | | day of month > | month > year > > The questions I still have are: > > How does 205 decode to 1997? The first two bytes are the year (0x07CD = 1997) > What does the rest of it mean? (leading 07 and trailing 00 2D 06 00) 8th byte is "deci-seconds" 9th byte is either 2B (ascii "+") or 2D ("-"), indicating direction from UTC. 10th byte is hours from UTC. 11th byte is minutes from UTC. Oct 10th, 1997, 10:01:02.0 -6 UTC See RFC-1903, DateAndTime TEXTUAL-CONVENTION definition. Jim Halpin === This problem would be much easier to figure out if you provided the MIB definition. There is no one standard format for storing date/time values. The hex value 07cd in decimal is 1997. The hex value 002d0600 could be the number of nano seconds, but you can only determine this by reading the MIB definition. David T. Perkins 2.32.01.04 [Topic "utilization" has moved to 1.50.01.] 2.32.01.05 Bernd Bachmann wrote: >What is the best way > * to find out dynamically whether a given MIB is supported by a >specific device? > * to retrieve the list of MIBs (e.g. Repeater-MIB, Bridge-MIB, >enterprise-MIB) that is supported by this device? >Is it necessary to poll a specific variable in each MIB and interpret >the answer. If so, which variables are suitable? In SNMPv1, there is no "automated" way of "discovering" what MIBs an agent supports, so, yes, you would have to query something in each MIB module to verify it (not that this would verify that the agent supported everything in these modules). I'm not sure what the difference between your two questions was, though, since the only thing different seems to be that you used the word "dynamically" the first time. This, unfortunately, does not make any sense, as everything in SNMP is more-or-less "dynamic". In the now historical (some say hysterical ;-}) SNMPv2, they introduced a mechanism which is being carried forward to the now-proposed SNMPv3: agent capabilities statements and other MIB techniques for defining explicitly what groups of attributes an agent supports. These features are not yet widely supported, nor is it clear exactly what role they will play or how solidly they will be implemented. T. Max Devlin 2.32.01.06 > I would like to know if the RMON MIB is implemented on CISCO Router 2500 > series ? > > Thanks > > Laurent simonet All depends on the version of IOS you are using ... Check out ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/supportlists/c2500/supportlist.html Incidentaly you can find out about all Cisco MIB support from ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/supportlists Neil Lavelle 2.32.01.07 > > I'm looking for information about the differentes variables in the MIB > > CISCO to observe, threshold to respect, why and what are the actions to > > do to correct ? > > > > Patrick Koussou > There is a paper available, I believe I got it from the CISCO web site, > on setting a monitoring strategy for routers. > -- > Wim Harthoorn I'm not sure if this is the same page you are referring to, but I found one that might be useful. I remember finding it at alta vista searching for Cisco MIB, it was titled Guidelines for Polling Cisco MIBS. It came up within the first two pages of responses. Hope that helps. Robert Evans 2.32.01.08 >>I'm looking for a small, simple programm for getting the >>interface traffic statistics from cisco routers. >> >> Matthias Lohmann See MRTG at http://ee-staff.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/mrtg.html The Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG) is a tool to monitor the traffic load on network-links. MRTG generates HTML pages containing GIF images which provide a LIVE visual representation of this traffic. Check http://www.ee.ethz.ch/stats/mrtg/ for an example. MRTG is based on Perl and C and works under UNIX and Windows NT. MRTG is being successfully used on many sites arrond the net. Check the MRTG-Site-Map. Irwin M. Lazar 2.32.01.09 Is there a standard way to represent a float as an attribute in a mib ? The problem I see with an OCTET STRING or DisplayString is that in ascii text 1.5 < 1.50 hence any comparisons may be mistaken. The only other way around it that I see is to make every float item actually 2 items as such: float_val intenger float_exp integer where 1.5 would be written as 15x10^-1 and float_val = 15 float_exp= -1 However this seems extremely combersome. There has got to be a better way. --Randy Sharpe Not in the spec or in the V2/V3 spec. No way to create floats that are universally understood as floats. RFC1902 takes away the old opaque declaration that possibly could have been used. We are looking forward to Counter32, Counter64 and Integer32 to carry numbers. What do you need to float? --"Ted R" 2.32.01.10 How can I reset a counter to zero? > You cannot reset counters, they are by definition readonly and > monotonic (modulo overflow). The most common use of counters is to > measure rates by retrieving the counters at two times, computing the > difference and dividing by the interval(*). If the counters are > reset, this method becomes broken. Since most systems that are > managed would be queried by more than one operator, making counters > read-only prevents this. There is nothing that you can get from > reseting the counters, that you cannot get with readonly counters. > > (*) and for more accuracy, retrieve the agents time in the same > queries and use that, eliminating network delays from affecting the > result. -- Michael A. Patton 2.35.01 SUBJECT: How can I register an enterprise MIB? ------------------------------------------ 2.35.01.01 - A.5 (page 265) in "The Simple Book" shows how to apply. - You can email to IANA-MIB@isi.edu. - You can just call IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). The number is 310-822-1511 x239. You'll be asked a few questions and be given you your number. This is faster than e-mail. Please supply: Company Name, Address, Voice Phone, Name of Contact, Contact's Address, Voice Phone, FAX Phone, Email. - You can snail mail: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority USC/Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admiralty Way Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695 Mark Wallace 2.35.01.02 If you utilize GNU Emacs, a profile is available which makes Emacs set up specifically for ASN.1 editing. Contact David C. Brower via dbrower@us.oracle.com. 2.35.01.03 Applications may be found online at http://www.iana.org/ . Specifically, see "Application for Private Enterprise Number", at http://www.isi.edu/cgi-bin/iana/enterprise.pl . Don Levinstone 2.35.02 SUBJECT: Where can I find the current Enterprise Number Assignments? ----------------- OFFICIAL PRIVATE ENTERPRISE NUMBERS SMI Network Management Private Enterprise Codes: Prefix: iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprise (1.3.6.1.4.1) This file is ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/enterprise-numbers 2.37.01 SUBJECT: How Do I Create a Table Within a Table? "You cannot define a table "within a a table". To accomplish what you are trying to accomplish, you must use additional tables. For example, if the first table is indexed by object "myTab1Index", a second table could be indexed by object "myTab1Index" (from the first table) and object "myTab2Index" (from the second table). This subject is pretty well covered in the book "Understanding SNMP MIBs" by perkins and mcginnis. Also, additional information about how to express relationships between tables is found in the white paper "Inter-Table Indexing" on the SNMPinfo Web site, with URL http://www.snmpinfo.com/tables.pdf." David T. Perkins 2.37.05 SUBJECT: How Do I Reset MIB Counters via SNMP Douglas De Vine wrote: > I'm having trouble giving write access to counter variables in the MIB2 > tree on a Cisco2511 This is a FAQ about counters. The basic question is "Can counters be 'reset'." The answer is no, not ever. If not, then how can the number of occurrences be obtained? Answer, you obtain the value of a counter at the first of a time interval and then at the end of a time interval, and you subtract. Note, you must also accomodate for counter rollover and counter discontinuity. For a short description of counters, see http://www.snmpinfo.com/CounterTest/index.html or see the book "Understanding SNMP MIBs" by Perkins and McGinnis. David T. Perkins 2.37.07 SUBJECT: How can I change a published MIB? RFCs 2578-80 describes the allowed changes that can be made to MIB modules. Changing the name of descriptors in "published" MIB modules is not allowed. See section 10 of RFC 2578. (Unfortunately, this section does not say "descriptors cannot be changed" directly. It says this in a roundabout way with the last two sentences in section 10.2). [...]If the MIB module has not been published, then you can modify it as much as you want. If it has been published, and the errors are recognized soon, then you can modify it. However, if the module has been available for some time and has been made widely available, then you probably have to live with the problems. David T. Perkins 2.38.01 SUBJECT: How unique must MIB variable names be? 1) OIDs are unique identifiers for all-space-and-time. An OID value is an ordered sequence of nonnegative integers that contains at least two members with the value of the first member restricted to 0, 1, or 2, and the value of the second member restricted to 0 to 39 if the value of the first is 0 or 1. SNMP calls members of the sequence sub-identifiers. SNMP restricts an OID value to have at most 128 members, and no member can have a value greater than 4G-1 (4294967295). 2) For convenience of people, a label can be associated with each member of a sequence. Additionally, there are "well known" labels for OID values. SNMP reccognizes only "ccitt", "iso", and "joint-iso-ccitt" as well known labels for the first member in a sequence. 3) There can be multiple labels associated with an OID value! (Few SNMP utilities can cope with this.) 4) OID values in SNMP messages are sequences of integers. A sequence of labels is never used. 5) Most items defined in SNMP MIB modules are identified by an OID value. The exceptions are TRAP-TYPES defined in MIB modules in the SMIv1 format and textual conventions - either defined with a type assignment or TEXTUAL-CONTENTION construct. 6) All items defined an a MIB module have a label, which is called a DESCRIPTOR by the SMI. The descriptors for all items defined in a MIB module MUST BE UNIQUE. MIB modules are a somewhat arbitary scoping mechanism for definitions. 7) The SMI further restricts descriptors defined in MIB modules found in standard track documents to be unique. However, there is no such restriction on descriptors in non-standards track documents or descriptors in MIB modules created by enterprises. The SMI requires that MIB module names found in standards-track documents are unique. However, no such restriction applies to MIB modules created by enterprises. 8) People generally perfer to identify items by descriptor value instead of a sequence of nonnegative integers. However, for each example of identification by descriptor, a counter-example can be given that shows that the identification is ambiguous. For example, a single descriptor is not globally unique. A descriptor qualified by a MIB module name is not unique because MIB module names are not globally unique. A sequence of descriptors is not globally unique because the descriptors for all the children do not have to be unique. Only an OID value written as a sequence of numbers is unique. David T. Perkins 2.38.03 SUBJECT: Explain MODULE-COMPLIANCE versus AGENT-CAPABILITIES A MODULE-COMPLIANCE specification is a requirements specification. It is a formal may to specify requirements. A MIB module may contain zero, one, or many MODULE-COMPLIANCE specifications. A MODULE-COMPLAINCE specification may specify objects and notifications from MANY MIB modules. An agent doesn't implement a MIB module. An agent implementation may clain conformance to one or more MODULE-COMPLIANCE specifications. An AGENT-CAPABILITIES specification is an implementation specification. It is a formal way to specify implementation characteristics. An AGENT-CAPABILITIES specification may specify objects and notifications from MANY MIB modules. It is possible to have a program compare a set of MODULE-COMPLIANCE specifications with a set of AGENT-CAPABILITIES specifications to determine the coverage. However, since DESCRIPTION clauses can be used to specify conditions or exceptions, a person must also review such a comparison to possibly modify the results. David Perkins 2.40.00 --SMI 2.40.01 SUBJECT: What is the SMI? "In order for the MIB to serve the needs of a network-management system, it must meet two objectives: 1. The object or objects used to represent a particular resource must be the same at each node. [...] 2. A common scheme for representation must be used to support interoperability." - William Stallings, op. cit. below In both Internet and OSI network management these two objectives are met by a common structure of managment information (SMI) which is defined in RFC 1155. The SMI is the specification for the tree of MIB objects which which provides a means of associating a common numerical identification code for a given object. The top of the SMI tree is the familiar mapping: iso = 1 org = 3 dod = 6 internet = 1 mgmt = 2 mib-2 = 1 which is the global root prefix of every SNMP MIB object. For more details, see "1.12.01 What books are there which cover SNMP?" 2.40.02 SUBJECT: What is SMIv2? 2.40.02.01 "The IETF area directors just started an effort to move the SMIv2 (RFC 1902, RFC 1903 and RFC 1904) from Draft standard to Full standard status. A small "design team" has been formed to work out a proposal. The prime focus is to add clarification etc. not to add new functionality to the SMIv2. You can find more information on the Web page at: http://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/smi-dt/ You will find information about the work plan and the current issue list to be addressed by the design team on the Web page." Juergen Schoenwaelder 2.40.02.02 Currently, there is no precise grammer for SMIv1 and SMIv2. A while back in time in July 1996, Dave Perkins published an I-D that described a lexical specification of SMIv2. It was expired in 1997. The documents describing SMIv2 are RFCs 1902 - 1904, which will hopefully soon be obsoleted by full standard replacements with many clarification, but no major changes. Take a look at http://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/smi-dt/ These documents describe the SMIv2 not fully self-contained. They still state their basics from ASN.1. Frank Strauss 2.40.03 SUBJECT: Table Indexing and SMI Marjorie Krueger wrote: > Is there a good reason (or rule) to include the index as an object in a > table??? Good index design is one of the harder aspects of MIB design. In the good old days of SMIv1, all indices were read-only columns in the table where they were used. Then MIB designers started using existing indices in new tables under certain situations. Then SMIv2 was created that specified two important changes. It introduced the AUGMENTS clause for tables that had a one-to-one relationship between rows, and specified that the usual case for access of indices is "not-accessible". Then MIB designers went sort of crazy with specifying indices. There is a white paper on the SNMPinfo site (www.snmpinfo.com) that describes inter-table indexing. Some MIB designers think it is too strict. However, if you follow it, your indexing will always be valid. David Perkins 2.40.04 SUBJECT: Floating Point Numbers in SMI? You cannot add new base types to the SMI. For now, the easiest way to have floating point numbers in SNMP MIBs is to use the base type OCTET STRING and encode the value in ASCII. This is not the most elegant approach. However, it will work between your agent and your management application and it will be compliant to the SNMP SMI and protocol specifications. David Perkins 2.45.00 --ASN.1 2.45.01 SUBJECT: What is ASN.1? ------------------- "ASN.1 : This is an Abstract Syntax Notation One. ASN.1 is an language used to define the formats of the PDUs that are exchanged by SNMP entities, and also used to defined the objects that are managed thru SNMP. This is a formal language, with a grammar that has been defined in : Information Processing Open System Interconnection Specification of Abstract Syntax Notation ONE (ASN.1). International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Committee, 1987. International Standard 8824. In ASN.1, you can define Modules, which are collections of ASN.1 descriptions, each description referring to an object. Possible objects are types, values and macros. Types can be both simple or constructed, constructed types being based on one or more simple types. Simple types are : Integer, Octet String, Object Identifier, NULL." Paul Rolland and ... "All versions of SNMP are based on ASN.1:1988 (that is X.208). However, knowing ASN.1 will actually make it harder for you to understand SNMP! The protocol definition is pretty straightforward. However, the MIB module language is an ADAPTED subset of ASN.1, with the stress on ADAPTED." Dave Perkins ASN.1 is well defined and explained in three of the books mentioned in this FAQ: From Philipp Hoschka: "I've assembled a number of ASN.1-related internet resources and included them in my homepage." http://www-sop.inria.fr/rodeo/personnel/hoschka/asn1.html "Additions are welcome, but only in the form of working html references, please." Open Systems Networking: OSI & TCP/IP by: David Piscitello & A. L. Chapin SNMP, SNMPv2 and CMIP: The Practical Guide to Network Management Standards by: William Stallings The Open Book: A Practical Perspective on OSI by: Marshall T. Rose ALSO::::: "here are some facts about the X.208 / X.209 documents that you might want to include in the SNMP FAQ: International Telecommunication Union ITU-T X.208 Open Systems Interconnection, Model and Notation Specification of Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) ITU-T Recommendation X.208(Extract from the Blue Book) Pages: 72 Publication Year: 1988 Price of Online Copy: CHF 25.00(Sep.98) ----------------------- International Telecommunication Union ITU-T X.209 Open Systems Interconnection, Model and Notation Specification of Basic Encoding Rules for Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) ITU-T Recommendation X.209(Extract from the Blue Book) Pages: 23 Publication Year: 1988 Price of Online Copy: CHF 20.00 (Sep.98) The document X.208 is technically aligned to ISO 8824 and 8824.1. The document X.209 is technically aligned to ISO 8825 and 8825.1. Both documents are available online at ITU for download in the formats PDF, PostScript, and MS Word, in the languages English, French and Spanish. Their web site is: "http://www.itu.int". Ekkehard Morgenstern "The ASN.1 standards document X.208 may be purchased over the Internet directly from the ITU by credit card at: http://ecs.itu.ch/itudoc/itu-t/rec/x/x200-499/x208_22887.html Cost is 34 Swiss Francs (about US$26 at todays exchange rate.) The standard for ASN.1 BER: http://ecs.itu.ch/itudoc/itu-t/rec/x/x200-499/x209_24177.html Cost is 20 Swiss Francs (about US$15 at todays exchange rate.)" James Logajan Try the book "Abstract Syntax Notation One - ASN.1 - The Tutorial & Reference" by Douglas Steedman - ISBN 1 871802 06 7, published by Technology Appraisals Ltd in 1990. C.J. Copplestone 2.45.02 SUBJECT: Why is ASN.1 not Definitive for SNMP 2.45.02.01 The problem with ASN.1 in relation with SMI is, that people need the old(!) version from 1987/88, since this is the version, SMI is based on. Anyhow, I never tried to find out the relevant differences from the new ASN.1 specs, and probably nobody ever did. The first paragraph of the SMIv2 specs says [...] These modules are written using an adapted subset of OSI's Abstract Syntax Notation One, ASN.1 (1988) [1]. [...] Frank Strauss 2.45.02.02 I cannot tell the context of the orginal question. But yet again, to write an SNMP agent or manager, do not fall for the belief that you need an ASN.1 compiler. Also, do not fall for the believe that you need an ASN.1 compiler for processing MIB modules. Whether one or not a asn.1 compiler is free does not matter, because you really do not need one! David Perkins 2.45.02.03 The ASN.1 language is used in SNMP for two purposes, which are: 1) to define the format of SNMP messages that are exchanged between SNMP entities typically called managers and agents 2) as the starting point for a language used to define the schema for management information. It is NOT CORRECT to say that MIB modules are written in ASN.1! On the question of do you need to know ASN.1 to write SNMP agents or management applications, the answer is no. However, you do need to know some of the terminology. Also, if you want to know why or how some part of SNMP works or the background on some limitation, then you need to learn some of ASN.1 (the 1988 version). David Perkins 2.50.00 --BER Layman's guide to BER. http://auchentoshan.cs.ucl.ac.uk:8877/htm/pkcs/layman.htm Jim Trocki http://users.neca.com/vmis/ber.htm http://users.neca.com/vmis/snmp.htm The above URLs are from a simple tutorial on BER used in SNMP. Praveen 2.50.01 SUBJECT: How is the Integer value -1 encoded? > I am looking for expert opinions on how negative one aka (-1) > is encoded using BER. This is > generated in response to an SNMP error on AIX. > > J.C. Magras Stallings has: "2's complement representation with the minimum number of octets." That would be 02 01 FF, where 02 is the type tag, 01 the length, and FF the value Stallings, W. (1993) SNMP, SNMPv2, and CMIP. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts. Mike Allan 2.50.02 SUBJECT: What is the Maximum Size of an SNMP Message? 2.50.02.01 "The limit on the message size is the minimum of the maximum that the receiver can process and the maximum that the sender can generate. The minimum can be no smaller than 484 octets. A practical maximum is the size that can fix in a UDP message that does not cause IP fragmentation. This is around 1200 octets on Ethernet networks. Many networks use UDP messages that are around 4K octets, even though IP fragmentation occurs. Going over routed connections where you might get packet loss, you would probably not want to have fragementation." David T. Perkins 2.50.02.02 The smallest __maximum__ SNMP payload (required) is 484 octets. With UDP overhead, comes to roughly 512 octets. Individual SNMP messages on the wire can be smaller than 484 octets. The minimum __minimum__ size UDP packet, on ethernet is 64 octets. Mark Ellison 2.50.02.03 If you are using UDP over IPv4 as your transport, and if you have a value so large that it cannot fit it into a single UDP packet of maximum size, then you are completely out of luck. This can happen if, for instance, you have an OCTET STRING whose size may potentially exceed 65535 bytes (less IP, UDP, and SNMP overhead) and you wish to get or set the value. So, you either use a different transport protocol (such as TCP), design your MIB objects in such a way as to get around this problem, or use a means other than SNMP to read and write the objects. C. M. Heard 2.60.00 -- Agent Behavior 2.60.01 SUBJECT: Proper Response to empty VarBind in GetRequest? "What should an agent return if it receives a request with an empty variable bindings list? No error, ASN.1 parse error, general error, or something else?" Frank Foch A response with an empty varbind list. RFC 1905 defines the VarBindList as follows: VarBindList ::= SEQUENCE (SIZE (0..max-bindings)) OF VarBind Hence it is pretty obvious that an empty varbind list is valid (and not an ASN.1 parse error). Furthermore, there is nothing in the elements of procedure which can cause errors in this situation. Juergen Schoenwaelder 2.60.02 SUBJECT: Master Agent versus Proxy Agent "What is the difference between proxy agent and master agent in SNMP field?" John Huges The definition of what a proxy is has changed over time. So lets begin with a master agent: - A master agent provides access to SNMP variables that may be provided by one or more subagents. The master agent usually uses a subagent protocol (AgentX, DPI, SMUX, EMANATE, ...) to interact with the subagents. One of the key features of such an extensible agent is that it is complete transparent to the manager. - The current definition of a proxy SNMP agent is an agent which acts like a gateway to other SNMP agents. This can be useful in order to pass firewalls or to map SNMP protocol versions. Such a proxy is however not transparent to the manager since the manager usually has to select special parameters to address the target agent through the proxy. - Early versions of SNMP used the term proxy also for agents that translate non-SNMP management protocols into SNMP. This usage of the term proxy does not exist anymore in the SNMPv3 documents. But even if you go to an SNMP working group meeting, you will soon find out that the concept of proxies is something where consensus tends to be rough. Juergen Schoenwaelder 2.98.00 SUBJECT: Appendix A. Glossary -------------------- TBS - A Big TV Station in Atlanta, Ga (Ha!) 2.99.00 SUBJECT: Appendix B. Acknowledgements & Credits --------------------------------------- Some folks have sent in contributions, while others have contributed unwittingly by the nature of their posts to news://comp.protocols.snmp. A NOTE ON CONTRIBUTOR EMAIL ADDRESSES As a result of some of the abuses of EMail now taking place on the Internet, we are adopting a policy of NOT providing EMail addresses of individual contributors in these postings. We will continue to provide EMail addresses of commercial contributors unless requested not to. ------------------------------------------------------------- The assistance of each of the following folks in the creation of this document is hereby most gratefully acknowledged: --- o0o --- Vikas Aggarwal Jorge Alaman~ac Mike Allan Anonymous "S/he's everywhere!" David Anselmi Jason Armistead Mark D. Aubrey Chris Avis Imed Ayadi Robert Babb Bernd Bachmann Niels Baggesen Michael Bank Bruce Barnett [Bruces URL list is staggering!] David Battle Kevin Baughman Paul Bayer Sergio Bernardo Scott S. Bertilson Judy Bettinger Paul W. Boot J. Dean Brock Borge Brunes Brian Brown Max Caines Wayne Cannon Dave Castaneda John Catalano Barry D. Chalcroft Chandru Huei-Ping Chen Charlie Choung Tom Cikoski (splinter@panix.com) Editor & Publisher Paul Coghlan Brett Coley Steve Common Martin Cooley C.J.Copplestone Dan Cox Jeff Curie Jeffrey S. Curtis Robin Cutshaw Jeff Davison Bob deBoda Charlie Dellacona Alain Dessureaux Douglas De Vine T. Max Devlin Sven Doerr Arnold de Leon George Dolbier Mike Dorin Matt Dougherty Dave Downey Jeff Drew The Duke, Duke, Duke of Earl Queen Elizabeth II and her dog "Pookie" Michael A. Erlinger Robert Evans Moritz Farbstein Sidnie Feit Nancy Fink Tim Finkenstadt Bernhard Fischer Richard Fisher Eric Fitzgerald Gary Flynn Frank Fock Rabbe Fogelholm Wallace Gaebel Chris Gatto Clark Gaylord Jude A. George Tom Georges Dan Gold Richard L. Gralnik Jim Halpin Mark Hammett Pete Hansen Wes Hardaker Brad Harris Reuben Harris Simon Harrison Wim Harthoorn C. M. "Mike" Heard Rob Henderson Dave Hendricks Eric van Hengstum Kenneth Herskedal Yigal Hochberg Philipp Hoschka Joseph C. Hu Hsing-Kuo Hua John Huges Marc Ikemann Dave Jagoda Bryce Jasmer Earl Jones Jeff Jones Russell Jones Paul Julie Hae-Joo Kim Jan-Arendt Klingel Graham Knight Stev Knowles Paul Koch Raja Kolli Alexander V. Konstantinou George Koukoulas Patrick Koussou Marjorie Krueger Cheryl Krupczak Andreas Kuhn Micha Kushner Cameron Laird Bill Larson Neil Lavelle Irwin M. Lazar Simon Leinen Allan Leinwand Marty Leisner Nuno Leitao Benoit Legare Ivan Leong Jeff Liebermann Manuel Rozier de Linage James Logajan Matthias Lohmann The Lone Ranger Margie Mago J. C. Magras Nicolas Maillard John W. Manly Laurence V. Marks Kevin Martin Mike Martone Darth Maul -- Knows The Dark Side of the MIB Grover C. McCoury III John P. McNeely Christophe Meessen Peter Mellquist Olivier Miakinen Mike Michaud Ekkehard Morgenstern James D. Murray Gopal Narayan Bill Nash Ana Neto Gene Ninestein A Ninja -- who's just as afraid of you as you are of him! Donal O'Sullivan David Oury Blaine Owens Michael A. Patton Gen. George S. Patton, Jr -- he'll get your SNMP in shape! David Partain Andre Peres Dave Perkins Judy Perry David Pascoe Eric Perie Werner Poeppel Kevin Postlewaite Shyamal Prasad Praveen Gerard Puoplo Mark Purcell Arni Raghu Brad Reese David Reid Michael Reinermann Alan Revzin Jay Riddell Andreas Rittershofer Bob Robillard Aleksey Y Romanov The Romanovs of Ancient Russia Paul Rolland Dave Rupp Ralph Schmieder Richard Schneider Cindy Schlener Juergen Schoenwaelder Daniel Secci Frances K. Selkirk Christian Seyb Randy Sharpe Yuval Shchory Barry Shein Dave Shield Jeffrey Shimbo John Silva Reuben Sivan Robert Slade Christopher Smiga George B. Smith Tim Snell Malcolm Sparks Almon (Al) Sorrell Craig Southern Bill Stallings Hal M. Staniloff James Stansell Martin Steiner Dave Stephens Joyce Steyer Frank Strauss Judi Theg Talley Taavi Talvik Rob Tandean Dan Teja Mohit Tendolkar Holger Trapp Jim Trocki Ryan Troll Darth "I'm Really A Fun Guy" Vader Jukka Vaisanen Tyler Vallillee Bert Vandegaer Harald van Santen Ruediger Volk Matjaz Vrecko Dave Waddell David Waitzman Les Walker Mark Wallace Jean Renard Ward Andreas Weder Phil Wentworth Pete Wilson Don Winans John Winfield Carl Wist Stefan Witzel Bruce Wollen Ralph C Wolman Joe Wong Richard Wood Xena [the Woman Guys Don't Mess With] Yoda [He polls SNMP agents using The Force!] Nelson Yeung Sanjay Zalavadia Uwe Zimmermann Rainer Zocholl Fred Zorbutski -- (who has given us all so much!) --- o0o --- SUBJECT: A Special, Personal Thanks -------------------------- My meager, threadbare knowledge of SNMP and SNMPv2 would be all the more so except for the patient attention of Jeff Case and Steve Waldbusser. These two fellows are not only masters of their craft, they are also true gentlemen in every sense of the word. My gratitude. - Tom Cikoski SUBJECT: "Truth in Publishing" Notice: ----------------------------- This FAQ is maintained by Tom Cikoski of Panther Digital Corporation, Danbury Connecticut, USA, using Internet access paid for by Panther Digital for its business use, which includes EMail, ftp, telnet, etc. Panther Digital Corporation sells/resells network management products and services, including SNMP managers and tools. Panther Digital is a reseller for some products and services named in the above FAQ. This FAQ is provided as a service to the readers of this newsgroup, and in no way represents an attempt by Panther Digital Corporation to market its wares. Panther Digital Corporation is a partner in The SNMP WorkShop. SUBJECT: --- END OF SNMP FAQ --- -- ( )_( ) Panther Digital Corporation & The SNMP workShop \. ./ Danbury, CT, USA (203) 778-9507 _=.=_ http://www.pantherdig.com http://www.pantherdig.com/~snmpshop " mailto:splinter@panix.com